Table 1 Baseline characteristics, clinical characteristics and cerebrovascular risk factors by functional-outcome in 1370 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke – univariate analysis
Predictor variable (number of missing observations total) | One-year functional outcome | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) &Median (lower-upper quartile) | p value | |||
Total (n = 1370) | mRS ≤ 2 (n = 653) | mRS > 2 (n = 717) | ||
Sex (0) |  |  |  | <  0.01 |
 Men | 693 (50.6) | 385 (59) | 308 (43) | |
 Women | 677 (49.4) | 268 (41) | 409 (57) | |
Age (mean ± SD;years) (0) | 71.6; ±13 | 66.1; ±12.3 | 76.6; ±11.4 | <  0.01 |
Vascular risk factors | ||||
 Arterial hypertension (11) |  |  |  | <  0.01 |
  Yes | 1195 (87.9) | 549 (84.6) | 646 (91) | |
  No | 164 (12.1) | 100 (15.4) | 64 (9) | |
 Atrial fibrillation (36) |  |  |  | <  0.01 |
  Yes | 391 (29.3) | 112 (17.6) | 279 (39.9) | |
  No | 943 (70.7) | 523 (82.4) | 420 (60.1) | |
 Coronary heart disease (46) |  |  |  | < 0.01 |
  Yes | 304 (23) | 125 (19.7) | 179 (25.9) | |
  No | 1020 (77) | 509 (80.3) | 511 (74.1) | |
 Hypercholesterolemia (36) |  |  |  | <  0.01 |
  Yes | 884 (66.3) | 465 (72.5) | 419 (60.5) | |
  No | 450 (33.7) | 176 (27.5) | 274 (39.5) | |
 Diabetes (20) |  |  |  | <  0.01 |
  Yes | 422 (31.3) | 167 (25.9) | 255 (36.1) | |
  No | 928 (68.7) | 477 (74.1) | 451 (63.9) | |
 Peripheral arterial disease (51) |  |  |  | <  0.01 |
  Yes | 132 (10) | 46 (7.3) | 86 (12.6) | |
  No | 1187 (90) | 588 (92.7) | 599 (87.4) | |
 Smoking (0) |  |  |  | <  0.01 |
  Yes, actually | 305 (22.3) | 184 (28.2) | 121 (16.9) | |
  Yes, in the past | 394 (28.8) | 196 (30) | 198 (27.6) | |
  No | 520 (38) | 224 (34.3) | 296 (41.3) | |
  Unknown | 151 (11) | 49 (7.5) | 102 (14.2) |  |
 Consumption of alcohola (80) |  |  |  | < 0.01 |
  Yes, actually | 504 (39.1) | 277 (44.3) | 227 (34.1) | |
  Yes, in the past | 38 (2.9) | 17 (2.7) | 21 (3.2) | |
  No | 665 (51.6) | 302 (48.3) | 363 (54.6) | |
  Unknown | 83 (6.4) | 29 (4.7) | 54 (8.1) |  |
 Regular physical activity (0) |  |  |  | <  0.01 |
  Yes | 266 (19.4) | 187 (28.6) | 79 (11) | |
  No | 1104 (80.6) | 466 (71.4) | 638 (89) | |
Clinical characteristics on admission | ||||
 NIHSS (33)b | 3 (2–6) | 2 (1–4) | 5 (3–11) | <  0.01 |
 TOAST (0) |  |  |  | <  0.01 |
  Probable atherothrombotic | 208 (15.2) | 98 (15) | 110 (15.3) | |
  Cardioembolic | 422 (30.8) | 143 (21.9) | 279 (39) | |
  Large-artery atherosclerosis | 192 (14) | 85 (13) | 107 (14.9) | |
  Small-artery occlusion | 369 (27) | 237 (36.3) | 132 (18.4) | |
  Other determined | 62 (4.5) | 28 (4.3) | 34 (4.7) | |
  Unknown | 117 (8.5) | 62 (9.5) | 55 (7.7) | |
 Leukocytes (47)b | 8.3 (6.8–10.2) | 7.9 (6.6–9.7) | 8.6 (7.0–10.7) | <  0.01 |
 Fibrinogen (86)b | 370 (318–434) | 356 (309–412) | 386 (329–455) | <  0.01 |
 Antiplatlet drugs (0) |  |  |  | <  0.01 |
  Yes | 480 (35) | 197 (30.2) | 283 (39.5) | |
  No | 890 (65) | 456 (69.8) | 434 (60.5) | |
 Lysis therapy (0) |  |  |  | <  0.01 |
  Yes | 124 (9.1) | 37 (5.7) | 87 (12.1) | |
  No | 1246 (90.9) | 616 (94.3) | 630 (87.9) | |
Clinical characteristics at discharge | ||||
 NIHSS (109)b | 2 (1–4) | 1 (0–2) | 3 (1–7) | <  0.01 |
 mRS (94) | ||||
   ≤ 2 (0–2) | 838 (65.7) | 573 (92) | 265 (40.6) | <  0.01 |
   > 2 (3–6) | 438 (34.3) | 50 (8) | 388 (59.4) |  |