Pharmacological treatment of increased vascular risk and cognitive performance in middle-aged and old persons: six-year observational longitudinal study

Table 2 Difference in cognitive performance^a between treatment^b group and control group during follow-up: linear mixed model analyses

	Cognitive performance of treatment group as compared to control group (estimated mean difference)^c
	Model 1^d			Model 2^e			Model 3^f
	Mean	95%CI	P value	Mean	95%CI	P value	Mean	95%CI	P value
First measurement	−0.38	− 0.48 to − 0.28	< 0.001	− 0.10	− 0.20 to − 0.01	0.03	− 0.04	− 0.13 to 0.06	0.44
Second measurement	−0.47	− 0.57 to − 0.37	< 0.001	−0.15	− 0.24 to − 0.06	0.002	−0.09	− 0.18 to 0.01	0.08
Third measurement	−0.53	−0.65 to − 0.41	< 0.001	−0.16	− 0.27 to − 0.05	0.003	−0.10	− 0.21 to 0.01	0.08

Abbreviations: 95%CI, 95% confidence interval
^a Cognitive performance was measured as a composite score of two tests (z-score): the Ruff Figural Fluency Test (RFFT) and the Visual Association Test (VAT) [20, 22]
^b Treatment group included persons who had pharmacological treatment of vascular risk factors for the first time at the first measurement of cognitive function
^c Estimated mean difference was calculated as mean cognitive performance of treatment group minus control group
^d Model 1 is unadjusted; − 2*log likelihood: 10103.76
^e Model 2 is adjusted for age, educational level, interaction age x measurement; − 2*log likelihood: 9378.05
^f Model 3 is adjusted for age, educational level, interaction age x measurement, treatable vascular risk; − 2*log likelihood: 9348.58

ISSN: 1471-2377