Table 1 Baseline characteristics of ischemic stroke patients according to adherence to a Mediterranean diet using MEDAS score
Variable | High adherence N (%) 151 (41) | Low adherence N (%) 217 (59) | Total N (%) 368 (100) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years, mean (SDa) | 69.9 (16.9) | 67.2 (18.7) | 68.3 (17.7) | 0.1 |
Gender (female) | 66 (43.7) | 92 (42.4) | 158 (42.9) | 0.8 |
Hypertension | 89 (58.9) | 133 (61.3) | 222 (60.3) | 0.5 |
Diabetes Mellitus | 17 (11.2) | 41 (18.9) | 58 (15.7) | 0.04 |
Insulin resistance | 15 (9.9) | 17 (7.8) | 32 (8.7) | 0.4 |
Dyslipidemia | 56 (37.0) | 67 (30.8) | 123 (33.4) | 0.2 |
Coronary artery disease | 20 (13.2) | 28 (9.21) | 48 (13.0) | 0.7 |
Atrial fibrillation | 26 (17.2) | 40 (18.4) | 66 (17.9) | 0.7 |
Prior stroke | 27 (17.9) | 36 (16.6) | 63 (17.1) | 0.7 |
Chronic Renal Failure | 8 (5.3) | 21 (9.7) | 29 (7.9) | 0.1 |
Mood disorder | 19 (12.6) | 32 (14.7) | 51 (13.8) | 0.5 |
Current smoker | 34 (22.5) | 46 (21.2) | 80 (21.7) | 0.2 |
Alcohol consumption | 76 (50.3) | 83 (38.4) | 159 (43.3) | 0.02 |
Sedentary lifestyle | 90 (59.6) | 172 (79.3) | 262 (71.2) | < 0.001 |
Previous dependencyb | 11 (7.3) | 29 (13.4) | 40 (10.9) | 0.06 |
Time from symptom onset to admission, median (IQRc) | 165 (72–706) | 248 (78–1385) | 228 (68–784) | 0.03 |
Admission Systolic Blood Pressure, mean (SD) | 148 (25.0) | 151 (26.2) | 150 (25.7) | 0.1 |
Admission Diastolic Blood Pressure, mean (SD) | 80.9 (15.1) | 83.3 (17.6) | 83.3 (16.6) | 0.1 |
Admission body mass index, Mean (SD) | 25.1 (3.4) | 26.7 (4.4) | 26.0 (4.1) | 0.001 |
Admission NIHSSd median (IQR)c | 2-(1-6) | 4 (2-11) | 3 (1-7) | 0.0006 |
Vessel occlusion | 45 (29.8) | 72 (33.2) | 117 (31.8) | 0.5 |
Intravenous thrombolysis use | 53 (35.19 | 78 (35.9) | 131 (35.6) | 0.8 |
Intra-arterial thrombectomy | 18 (11.9) | 20 (9.0) | 38 (10.3) | 0.4 |
Large-artery atherosclerosis | 29 (19.1) | 47 (21.7) | 76 (20.7) | 0.5 |
Cardioembolic | 48 (31.7) | 62 (28.7) | 110 (29.29) | 0.5 |
Dissection | 11 (7.2) | 18 (8.3) | 29 (7.9) | 0.7 |
Other determined | 10 (6.2) | 14 (6.4) | 24 (6.5) | 0.9 |
Cryptogenic (complete work-up) | 48 (31.8) | 52 (23.9) | 100 (27.1) | 0.09 |
Undetermined (incomplete work-up) | 3 (1.9) | 6 (2.7) | 9 (2.4) | 0.6 |
Not classifiable (2 or more causes) | 4 (2.6) | 14 (6.4) | 18 (4.9) | 0.09 |
Glucose, (mg/dl), mean | 117.3 (35.6) | 124.9 (47.6) | 121.7 (43.1) | 0.07 |
Total cholesterol, (mg/dl), mean | 157.3 (45.8) | 169.2 (47.4) | 164.1 (46.9) | 0.02 |
LDLe cholesterol, (mg/dl), mean | 99.2 (38.8) | 110.9 (43.4) | 105.9 (42.1) | 0.01 |
HDLf cholesterol, (mg/dl), mean | 48.6 (14.8) | 47.2 (15.2) | 48.1 (15.0) | 0.6 |
Triglycerides, (mg/dl), mean | 130.7 (111.9) | 138.4 (82.6) | 135.1 (96.3) | 0.2 |
HbA1cg (%), median (IQRc) | 5.6 (5.3–6.0) | 5.6 (5.3–6.0) | 5.6 (5.3–6.0) | 0.8 |
Hemoglobin, (g/dl), mean | 13.9 (1.7) | 13.7 (2.1) | 13.8 (1.9) | 0.5 |
Leucocyte count | 2639 (4479) | 2643 (4439) | 2641 (4449) | 0.9 |