Table 7 Association between clinical characteristics and diagnosis of HAND
From: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders at Moi teaching and referral hospital, Eldoret, Kenya
Variable | Presence of HAND | P-value | UOR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes (n = 292, 81.1%) Mean (SD) or n (%) | No (n = 68, 18.9%) Mean (SD) or n (%) | |||
BMI (Kg/m2) | ||||
 < 18.5 | 24 (8.2%) | 10 (14.7%) | 0.099 | 0.56 (0.25, 1.27) |
 18.5–25.0 | 179 (61.3%) | 42 (61.8%) | 0.944 | Reference |
 25.0–30.0 | 73 (25.0%) | 13 (19.1%) | 0.306 | 1.32 (0.67, 2.60) |
 > 30.0 | 16 (5.5%) | 3 (4.4%) | 0.723 | 1.25 (0.35, 4.49) |
Baseline CD4 (cells per mm3) | ||||
 < 200 | 103 (42.0%) | 19 (32.2%) | 0.166 | Reference |
 200–500 | 105 (42.9%) | 27 (45.8%) | 0.686 | 0.72 (0.38, 1.37) |
 > 500 | 37 (15.1%) | 13 (22.0%) | 0.197 | 0.53 (0.24, 1.17) |
Current CD4 (cells per mm3) | ||||
 < 200 | 27 (9.3%) | 6 (8.8%) | 0.913 | Reference |
 200–500 | 121 (41.4%) | 32 (47.1%) | 0.398 | 0.84 (0.32, 2.21) |
 > 500 | 144 (49.3%) | 30 (44.1%) | 0.440 | 1.07 (0.41, 2.81) |
WHO Clinical stage | ||||
 Stage 1 | 95 (34.4%) | 27 (40.3%) | 0.367 | Reference |
 Stage 2 | 47 (17.0%) | 14 (20.9%) | 0.458 | 0.95 (0.46, 1.99) |
 Stage 3 | 110 (39.9%) | 22 (32.8%) | 0.289 | 1.42 (0.76, 2.66) |
 Stage 4 | 24 (8.7%) | 4 (6.0%) | 0.465 | 1.71 (0.54, 5.34) |
Have comorbidities | 23 (7.9%) | 5 (7.4%) | 0.879 | 1.08 (0.40, 2.96) |
Regimen | ||||
 First line (NRTI + NNRTI) | 241 (82.5%) | 45 (66.2%) |  | Reference |
 Second line (NRTI + PI) | 51 (17.5%) | 23 (33.8%) | 0.003 | 0.41 (0.23, 0.74) |
Years on current HAART | 4.4 (3.0) | 3.2 (2.8) | 0.002 | 1.16 (1.05, 1.28) |
Individual HAART drugs | ||||
 EFV/ETR/ABC | 139 (47.6%) | 35 (51.5%) | 0.565 | Reference |
 AZT | 127 (43.5%) | 18 (26.5%) | 0.010 | 2.99 (0.49, 18.01) |
 TDF | 161 (55.1%) | 48 (70.6%) | 0.020 | 1.93 (0.33, 11.15) |
 NVP | 108 (37.0%) | 12 (17.7%) | 0.002 | 2.28 (1.11, 4.67) |
Years since HIV diagnosis | 8.1 (3.7) | 8.4 (3.7) | 0.620 | 0.98 (0.91, 1.06) |
Viral load < 1000 copies/ml | 248 (85.5%) | 55 (80.9%) | 0.340 | 1.40 (0.70, 2.77) |
CPE score | 7.6 (1.8) | 6.8 (1.7) | < 0.001 | 1.30 (1.11, 1.53) |