Fig. 5

Illustration of immune mechanisms in our case of anti-Caspr2 encephalitis. The cytokines with significant changes in cytokine profiler array (fold change > 50% of the relative intensity) are marked in the illustration. BAFF is a B-cell-stimulating factor. TARC/CCL17 is a T-cell chemokine. sCD40L is an intercellular ligand of Th2 cells to B cells or monocytes. C5/C5a denote complement active components. Dkk-1, DPP4, RBP-5, and EGF are cytokines that respond to environmental stimulation. CXCL1, CXCL5, ICAM-1/CD54, Basigin/CD147, and sCD14 are also cytokines of innate immunity. BDNF is a neuronal survival and neuroplasticity marker secreted by damaged neurons. (This illustration is an original artwork)