Table 3 Most frequently reported ADLs in relation to MFM32 item
ADL domain | MFM32 item | Most frequently reported daily activity | Reported in interviews | Reported in survey |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Dressing | Item 4 (Pulling up the foot)A, B | Putting on shoes | ✓ | ✓ |
Item 3 (Bringing knee to chest)A, B | Dressing lower body | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 6 (Raise pelvis)A, B | Putting on pants | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 5 (Bringing hand to opposite shoulder)A | Dressing upper body | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 26 (Standing on one foot)A | Dressing lower body | ✓ | ✓ | |
Mobility/transferring | Item 7 (Roll from lying on front to back)A, B | Turning and moving in bed to change positions | ✓ | ✓ |
Item 8 (Lying down to sitting up)A, B | Getting out of bed | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 11 (Sit to stand)A, B | Stand after a fall/from sitting on floor | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 1 (Turning head)A | Adjusting position in bed | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 2 (Lifting head)A | Lifting head to move pillow/getting out of bed | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 25 (Stand without support)A | Stand from sitting | ✓ | ● | |
Item 29 (Walking on a line)A | Walking around the house | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 12 (Sitting down on a chair from standing) A | Sitting down when tired/unsteady | ✓ | ● | |
Item 24 (Standing up from sitting on chair) A | Stand up from sitting at dinner table/to change position/when carrying objects | ✓ | ✓ | |
Self-care | Item 15 (Bring arms up to place both hands on top of the head)A, B | Brushing hair | ✓ | ✓ |
Item 5 (Bringing hand to opposite shoulder)B | Itching/scratching | ✓ | ✓ | |
Self-feeding | Item 23 (Place forearms and/or hands on table)A, B | Eating independently | ✓ | ✓ |
Item 21 (Turning a ball over in hand)A, B | Picking up food when eating | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 16 (Extending elbow to touch a pencil)A, B | Picking food off a table without help | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 20 (Tearing a sheet of paper)A | Opening a wrapper/food packaging | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 13 (Maintain a seated position)B | Eating while seated | ✓ | ✓ | |
Reaching, picking up and holding objects | Item 17 (Picking up coins)A, B | Picking up and holding small items | ✓ | ✓ |
Item 9 (Sitting on the floor)A, B | Holding objects in a seated position | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 10 (Leaning towards a ball)A, B | Reaching an object | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 27 (Touching the floor while standing)A, B | Touching the floor to pick up something | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 32 (Squatting)A, B | Picking something up from the floor | ✓ | ✓ | |
Physical activity | Item 28 (Walking on heels)A, B | Walking | ✓ | ✓ |
Item 30 (Running)A, B | Exercising | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 31 (Hopping)A, B | Exercising/playing sport/hopping | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 29 (Walking on a line)B | Walking | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 26 (Standing on one foot)B | Taking a step/walking | ✓ | ✓ | |
Writing and technology use | Item 22 (Pointing at drawings)A, B | Using a phone or other device/touchscreen device | ✓ | ✓ |
Item 18 (Going around the edge of a CD)A, B | Using a touchscreen device | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 19 (Pick up pencil and draw loops)A, B | Writing/drawing with a pen | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 20 (Tearing a sheet of paper)B | Using your hands to tear a piece of paper | ✓ | ✓ | |
Social contact/engagement | Item 14 (Raise the head from the chest)A, B | Having a conversation/engaging with others | ✓ | ✓ |
Item 1 (Turning head)A, B | Looking around the room | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 2 (Lifting head)B | Looking around the room | ✓ | ✓ | |
Toileting | Item 25 (Stand without support)B | Using a toilet independently | ✓ | ✓ |
Item 12 (Sitting down on a chair from standing)B | Using a toilet independently | ✓ | ✓ | |
Item 24 (Standing up from sitting on chair)B | Standing from sitting on toilet | ✓ | ✓ | |
Performing work/school activities | Item 13 (Maintain a seated position)A | Doing work/schoolwork while seated | ✓ | ✓ |