Home-based light therapy for fatigue following acquired brain injury: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Connolly, Laura J.; Rajaratnam, Shantha M. W.; Murray, Jade M.; Spitz, Gershon; Lockley, Steven W.; Ponsford, Jennie L.

doi:10.1186/s12883-021-02292-8

BMC Neurology

Table 2 Control and treatment condition lighting measurements

From: Home-based light therapy for fatigue following acquired brain injury: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Location	Time of day	N	Photopic lux Mean ± SD	CCT (K) Mean ± SD	Irradiance uW/cm² Mean ± SD	S-cone-opic a-opic EDI (lux) Mean ± SD	M-cone-opic a-opic EDI (lux) Mean ± SD	L-cone-opic a-opic EDI (lux) Mean ± SD	Rhodopic a-opic EDI (lux) Mean ± SD	Melanopic a-opic EDI (lux) Mean ± SD	Melanopic DER Mean ± SD
Control lighting
Bedroom	Day	24	338.06 ± 269.96	3539 ± 861	106.87 ± 100.27	165.68 ± 134.47	290.39 ± 230.74	340.31 ± 271.31	223.12 ± 176.15	201.69 ± 159.17	0.57 ± 0.13
Bedroom	Evening	22	251.86 ± 175.24	3297 ± 946	70.19 ± 62.77	105.81 ± 100.42	209.51 ± 150.92	254.02 ± 175.99	150.26 ± 117.87	131.79 ± 108.46	0.50 ± 0.13
Bathroom	Day	18	490.07 ± 488.26	3660 ± 978	171.62 ± 251.86	214.99 ± 206.73	410.30 ± 391.30	494.63 ± 497.66	302.57 ± 282.42	267.97 ± 250.35	0.57 ± 0.13
Bathroom	Evening	8	526.13 ± 271.62	3615 ± 1162	160.96 ± 83.85	239.40 ± 159.44	441.69 ± 227.45	528.46 ± 273.61	318.22 ± 170.36	278.33 ± 153.57	0.53 ± 0.15
Living	Day	23	329.68 ± 252.36	3255 ± 4501	99.73 ± 92.50	135.44 ± 111.39	274.50 ± 209.58	332.98 ± 254.97	199.26 ± 154.86	175.37 ± 138.60	0.53 ± 0.09
Living	Evening	20	211.23 ± 150.79	2988 ± 360	62.58 ± 49.48	73.10 ± 58.80	170.00 ± 121.29	213.93 ± 152.57	114.27 ± 82.48	97.10 ± 71.46	0.47 ± 0.08
Dining	Day	16	441.66 ± 328.29	3532 ± 751	138.39 ± 125.58	223.66 ± 176.40	367.88 ± 286.16	440.28 ± 331.79	284.34 ± 216.55	267.66 ± 194.53	0.58 ± 0.13
Dining	Evening	12	350.06 ± 232.39	3402 ± 1002	107.14 ± 77.03	155.92 ± 146.97	292.40 ± 204.06	351.86 ± 229.13	209.35 ± 153.78	181.89 ± 133.46	0.52 ± 0.13
Kitchen	Day	21	462.09 ± 321.32	3507 ± 653	136.49 ± 127.84	231.27 ± 193.02	397.13 ± 284.48	464.98 ± 322.92	304.77 ± 233.42	275.71 ± 217.17	0.57 ± 0.09
Kitchen	Evening	14	327.66 ± 197.03	3369 ± 770	90.99 ± 72.66	157.89 ± 137.04	278.18 ± 177.87	329.32 ± 196.21	206.32 ± 147.27	183.85 ± 137.21	0.52 ± 0.10
Study	Day	10	322.66 ± 319.21	3267 ± 544	92.96 ± 137.85	152.28 ± 199.59	275.83 ± 292.53	325.33 ± 319.75	210.98 ± 253.61	190.39 ± 239.65	0.53 ± 0.11
Study	Evening	8	190.25 ± 99.93	2991 ± 403	44.57 ± 35.31	68.95 ± 40.91	153.95 ± 81.89	192.72 ± 101.04	104.72 ± 57.47	89.81 ± 49.97	0.46 ± 0.08
Treatment lighting
Bedroom	Day	19	329.20 ± 311.48	5219 ± 527	92.73 ± 109.31	261.67 ± 253.73	311.77 ± 294.11	327.36 ± 310.04	279.28 ± 263.85	268.43 ± 254.35	0.82 ± 0.09
Bedroom	Evening	20	195.40 ± 173.56	2685 ± 365	53.52 ± 52.50	56.94 ± 59.21	153.28 ± 137.97	198.43 ± 175.63	97.79 ± 89.93	80.16 ± 74.37	0.39 ± 0.08
Bathroom	Day	16	482.24 ± 351.35	4984 ± 897	140.04 ± 123.63	358.95 ± 280.30	447.88 ± 326.62	479.65 ± 349.97	387.03 ± 285.93	366.03 ± 273.53	0.75 ± 0.12
Bathroom	Evening	6	321.87 ± 225.76	2785 ± 183	88.91 ± 75.97	92.81 ± 62.84	252.55 ± 174.79	325.97 ± 228.96	158.34 ± 107.19	127.51 ± 85.04	0.40 ± 0.03
Living	Day	19	310.65 ± 179.67	5434 ± 588	89.74 ± 73.36	260.87 ± 163.21	295.11 ± 172.71	308.50 ± 178.30	264.92 ± 158.66	255.27 ± 154.36	0.81 ± 0.06
Living	Evening	18	157.42 ± 180.62	2910 ± 517	46.74 ± 57.41	52.91 ± 65.12	126.45 ± 146.31	159.20 ± 182.33	83.60 ± 97.86	70.00 ± 82.32	0.44 ± 0.08
Dining	Day	15	573.92 ± 498.79	5252 ± 1049	150.70 ± 147.44	479.79 ± 449.44	542.86 ± 477.67	571.38 ± 496.10	487.74 ± 439.60	470.56 ± 428.79	0.79 ± 0.12
Dining	Evening	9	473.78 ± 390.72	2947 ± 196	126.16 ± 124.14	164.18 ± 137.06	383.14 ± 316.41	478.48 ± 394.27	255.46 ± 210.78	214.69 ± 176.66	0.44 ± 0.04
Kitchen	Day	20	518.73 ± 432.48	5179 ± 963	163.82 ± 171.25	420.19 ± 386.29	488.28 ± 418.67	516.28 ± 429.39	434.37 ± 389.77	416.71 ± 379.94	0.78 ± 0.13
Kitchen	Evening	8	336.85 ± 213.52	3050 ± 214.92	90.62 ± 76.69	118.48 ± 70.14	272.25 ± 168.66	340.09 ± 215.32	182.48 ± 108.11	153.06 ± 87.90	0.46 ± 0.06
Study	Day	9	385.50 ± 438.61	5586 ± 1001	121.02 ± 191.54	331.67 ± 367.51	366.42 ± 415.20	384.23 ± 438.07	333.98 ± 379.92	323.71 ± 367.71	0.82 ± 0.13
Study	Evening	6	92.57 ± 80.97	2835 ± 584	22.67 ± 25.60	27.76 ± 27.26	73.29 ± 65.34	93.88 ± 81.68	47.40 ± 42.85	39.20 ± 35.55	0.43 ± 0.12

The aim of the intervention was to increase the melEDI and DER during the day and decrease them during the evening during the Treatment compared to the Control intervention (final two columns). This was typically associated with a daytime increase and evening decrease in CCT during the Treatment
Notes. Abbreviations: CCT correlated color temperature, EDI Equivalent Daylight Illuminance, DER Daylight Equivalent Ratio. Only the melDER is shown here; DER values for the other photoreceptors can be calculated by dividing the α-opic EDI value by the photopic lux provided

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