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Table 3 Mixed-model results, including treatment estimate, effect size and significance level

From: Home-based light therapy for fatigue following acquired brain injury: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Outcome

n

M/SE

Treatment effect estimate (95% CI)

t stat

Effect size (d)

p value

BFI

24

4.88 (0.43)

-0.39 (-1.16, 0.39)

-0.97

-0.42

.33

ESS

24

7.00 (0.80)

0.59 (-0.83, 2.01)

0.82

0.35

.41

FSS

24

5.12 (0.25)

-0.29 (-0.73, 0.15)

-1.29

-0.55

.20

HADS (Depression)

24

6.42 (0.78)

-0.69 (-1.95, 0.58)

-1.07

-0.45

.29

ISI

24

11.08 (1.12)

-2.06 (-3.99, -0.14)

-2.06

-0.89

.036

PSQI

24

6.83 (0.74)

-0.97 (-1.62, -0.32)

-2.92

-1.24

.004

Mean RT

18

300.22 (7.10)

-28.36 (-47.48, -9.23)

-2.91

-1.75

.004

Fastest 10% RT

18

234.20 (4.98)

-15.10 (-25.03, -5.16)

-2.98

-2.98

.003

POPS

24

-0.34 (0.10)

-0.07 (-0.21, 0.06)

-1.04

-0.32

.30

Activity Diary

15

90.54 (2.06)

2.95 (0.91, 4.98)

2.83

1.63

.005

Sleep onset

19

22.95 (0.34)

-0.12 (-0.80, 0.57)

-0.34

-0.17

.74

Sleep offset

19

29.86 (0.53)

0.39 (-0.70, 1.47)

0.79

0.36

.48

Sleep onset latency (SOL)

19

18.46 (2.78)

0.47 (-4.75, 5.69)

0.18

0.10

.86

Wake after sleep onset (WASO)

19

46.51 (5.97)

-0.54 (-10.73, 9.65)

-0.10

-0.05

.92

Total sleep time (TST)

19

400.23 (17.98)

-12.87 (-42.22, 16.47)

-0.86

-0.49

.39

Sleep efficiency

19

82.23 (1.72)

-0.34 (-3.83, 3.16)

-0.19

-0.09

.85

  1. Notes. M/SE calculated from end Treatment assessment
  2. Abbreviations: BFI Brief Fatigue Inventory, ESS Epworth Sleepiness Scale, FSS Fatigue Severity Scale, HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, ISI Insomnia Severity Index, POPS Participation Objective Participation Subjective (Objective Subscale only), PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PVT Psychomotor Vigilance Task, SOL Sleep onset latency, TST Total sleep time, WASO Wake after sleep onset