Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with HIV - PN

Patient related factors

 Age(years)

  5–9

1

1

  10–14

2.43 (0.97–6.07)

0.06

1.86 ( 0.54–6.36)

0.32

  15–18

2.46 ( 1.03–5.87)

0.04

2.60 (0.74–9.10)

0.14

 Sex

  Male

0.96 (0.53–1.73)

0.9

-

-

  Female

1

 Mean Hemoglobin(g/dl)

1.01 ( 0.84–1.19)

0.96

-

-

 BMI (kg/m²)

  Normal

1

  Underweight

0.7 ( 0.38–1.28)

0.25

-

-

 Height/Age

  Normal

1

  Stunting

1.38 ( 0.77–2.47)

0.26

-

-

  Disease related factors

 WHO Clinical stage

  1 and 2

1

1

  3 and 4

3.7 (1.62– 8.46)

0.002

3.12 ( 0.83–11.69)

0.09

 CD4 counts(cells/mm³)

  < 350

14.4 ( 6.78–30.41)

0.0001

12.21 ( 3.75–39.6)

0.0001

  ≥ 350

1

1

 Viral Load (copies/ml)

  ≥ 1000

23.13 ( 10.01–53.34 )

0.0001

10.54 (3.19–34.77)

0.0001

  < 1000

1

1

 Duration of HIV illness( years)

1.0 ( 0.95–1.07)

0.73

-

-

Drug related factors

 ARV drug combinations

  NRTI + NNRTI

0.89 ( 0.37–2.13)

0.79

0.91 ( 0.26–3.18)

0.89

  NRTI + PI

2.33 ( 1.21–4.49)

0.01

3.93 (1.43–10.74)

0.01

  NNRTI + DTG

1

1

 Duration of ARV use(years)

1.01 ( 0.95–1.07)

0.72

-

-

 Isoniazid Exposure

  Yes

0.01 ( 0 - ∞ )

0.99

-

-

  No

1

 Last exposure to Isoniazid

  Within 6 months

1

1

  More than 6 months ago

2.78 (1.38–5.61)

0.004

3.71 (1.57–8.77)

0.003

 Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis

  Yes

0.76 (0.26–2.27)

0.63

-

-

  No

1