Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics between patients with no END and END

Age, y (Mean SD)

66.75 ± 10.51

68.01 ± 8.66

0.334

NIHSS score, median (IQR)

2(1–3)

2(1–3)

0.279

SVS length, median (IQR)

9.13(7.73–10.41)

10.68(9.70–13.25)

< 0.001

SVS ≥ 9.45 mm, n(%)

47(43.93)

21(77.78)

4.47(1.67–11.96)

0.002

Time from last seen well to MRI, h (Mean SD)

10.5 ± 7.8

11.2 ± 7.2

0.591

Baseline glucose, mg/dl (Mean SD)

128.75 ± 39.95

156.88 ± 43.67

< 0.001

0.607

Females, n(%)

54(50.46)

13(48.15)

0.91(0.39–2.12)

0.829

Men, n(%)

53(49.53)

14(51.85)

0.91(0.39–2.12)

0.829

BMI ≥ 24 kg/m, n(%)

27(25.23)

5(18.52)

0.67(0.23–1.95)

0.465

Hypertension, n(%)

91(85.06)

20(74.07)

0.50(0.18–1.38)

0.177

Current Smoking, n(%)

22(20.56)

2(7.41)

0.31 (0.07–1.41)

0.111

Current alcohol drinking, n(%)

27(25.23)

6(22.22)

0.85(0.31–2.32)

0.746

Diabetes, n(%)

42(39.25)

9(33.33)

0.77(0.32–1.88)

0.571

Hyperlipidemia, n(%)

73(68.22)

17(62.96)

0.79(0.33–1. 91)

0.603

Thrombolytic therapy, n(%)

29(27.10)

6(22.22)

0.77(0.28–2.09)

0.606

Family history of stroke, n(%)

14(13.08)

5(18.52)

1.51(0.49–4.64)

0.469

 Intracranial ICA, n (%)

26(24.30)

8(29.63)

1.31(0.51–3.35)

0.569

 MCA M1, n (%)

52(48.60)

13(48.18)

0.98(0.42–2.29)

0.967

 MCA M2, n (%)

29(27.10)

6(22.22)

0.77(0.28–2.09)

0.606

 Cardiac embolism

22(20.56)

9(33.33)

1.93(0.76–4.88)

0.160

 LAA, n (%)

30(28.04)

7(25.93)

0.90(0.34–2.34)

0.826

 Lacunar, n (%)

30(28.04)

8(29.63)

1.08(0.43–2.73)

0.870

 Undetermined, n (%)

23(21.50)

2(7.40)

0.29(0.064–1.33)

0.093

 Other, n (%)

2(1.87)

1(3.70)

2.02(0.18–23.13)

0.565

 Antiplatelet, n(%)

29(27.10)

6(22.22)

0.77(0.28–2.01)

0.606

 Antihypertensive, n(%)

60(56.07)

14(51.85)

0.84(0.36–1.97)

0.693

 Lipid-lowering medications, n(%)

54(50.47)

13(48.15)

0.91(0.39–2.12)

0.829