Table 1 Univariate analysis between PFO group with non-PFO group
Variable | Total n = 218 | PFO n = 78 | Non-PFO n = 140 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, yr, median (IQR) | 53 (39.75, 60) | 52.5 (43, 59.25) | 53 (38.25, 61) | 0.846 |
Sex, male, % (n) | 74.8 (163) | 82.1 (64) | 70.7 (99) | 0.065 |
Clinical characteristics | ||||
Diabetes, % (n) | 18.8 (41) | 12.8 (10) | 22.1 (31) | 0.091 |
Hypertension, % (n) | 40.4 (88) | 42.3 (33) | 39.3 (55) | 0.663 |
Hyperlipidemia, % (n) | 17.4 (38) | 17.9 (14) | 17.1 (24) | 0.88 |
Smoking, % (n) | 39.4 (86) | 39.7 (31) | 39.3 (55) | 0.947 |
Previous TIA/stroke, % (n) | 17.4 (38) | 16.7 (13) | 17.9 (25) | 0.824 |
Cortical infarcts, % (n) | 55.5 (121) | 60.3 (47) | 52.9 (74) | 0.292 |
RoPE score | ||||
RoPE score, median (IQR) | 5 (4, 7.25) | 6 (4, 7) | 5 (4, 8) | 0.848 |
RoPE score >6, % (n) | 36.2 (79) | 30.8 (24) | 39.3 (55) | 0.21 |
TTE parameters | ||||
ARd, mm, median (IQR) | 33 (31, 36) | 34 (31, 36.25) | 32.5 (30, 35) | 0.005 |
LAAPd, mm, median (IQR) | 36 (33, 38) | 36 (33, 38) | 36 (33, 38) | 0.961 |
EDLVd, mm, median (IQR) | 49 (46, 52) | 48 (45, 53) | 49 (46, 52) | 0.759 |
ESLVd, mm, median (IQR) | 30 (28, 32) | 30 (28, 32) | 30 (27, 32) | 0.961 |
LEVF, %, median (IQR) | 69 (65, 72) | 69 (66, 72) | 69 (65.25, 72) | 0.814 |
Em, cm/s, median (IQR) | 66 (53, 77.5) | 61.5 (51, 70.25) | 68 (56, 82) | 0.005 |
Am, cm/s, median (IQR) | 68 (55, 80) | 67.5 (55.5, 79) | 68.5 (55, 80) | 0.263 |
Mitral regurgitation, % (n) | 45 (98) | 34.6 (27) | 50.7 (71) | 0.022 |
Tritral regurgitation, % (n) | 19.7 (43) | 19.2 (15) | 20 (28) | 0.891 |
Aortic valve regurgitation, % (n) | 20.6 (45) | 23.1 (18) | 19.3 (27) | 0.507 |