Table 4 Awareness of calling EMS by sociodemographic and stroke risk factors, stroke responses and sources of information
Public n = 2013 | no. aware (% aware) | Outpatients no. of respondents | no. aware (% aware) | #p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic factors | |||||
Gender | |||||
Female | 1097 | 861(78.5) | 462 | 402(87.0) | 0.232 |
Male | 916 | 669(73.0) | 333 | 268(80.5) | 0.348 |
Age | |||||
18-34 yrs | 1118 | 886(79.2) | 383 | 306(79.9) | 0.931 |
35-49 yrs | 588 | 447(76.0) | 254 | 220(86.6) | 0.268 |
> 50 yrs | 302 | 194(64.2) | 157 | 143(91.1) | 0.028 |
Education | |||||
None/unspecified/ primary | 252 | 165(65.5) | 115 | 101(87.8) | 0.108 |
Secondary | 1113 | 853(76.6) | 405 | 346(85.4) | 0.234 |
Tertiary | 648 | 512(79.0) | 275 | 223(81.1) | 0.819 |
Medical insurance | |||||
No | 2013 | 1530(76.0) | 375 | 287(76.5) | 0.939 |
Yes | 0 | NA | 420 | 383(91.2) | NA |
Marital status | |||||
Married/cohab | 728 | 546(75.0) | 254 | 218(85.8) | 0.241 |
Other (single, divorcee, widowed, unspecified) | 1285 | 984(76.6) | 541 | 452(83.5) | 0.282 |
Residing/working together | |||||
No | 1002 | 760(75.8) | 685 | 643(93.9) | 0.005 |
Yes | 1011 | 770(76.2) | 110 | 27(24.5) | < 0.00001 |
Stroke action | |||||
Seeking immediate medical assistance by stroke | |||||
No | 150 | 81(54.0) | 45 | 20(44.4) | 0.571 |
Yes | 1863 | 1449(77.8) | 750 | 650(86.7) | 0.109 |
Stroke symptoms’ reaction | |||||
Speech Impairment | |||||
EMS | 785 | 713(90.8) | 318 | 298(93.7) | 0.750 |
Medical clinic | 1007 | 686(68.1) | 429 | 356(83.0) | 0.036 |
Other | 221 | 131(59.3) | 48 | 16(33.3) | 0.089 |
Dizziness/loss of balance | |||||
EMS | 565 | 527(93.3) | 228 | 214(93.9) | 0.957 |
Medical clinic | 1009 | 730(72.3) | 422 | 368(87.2) | 0.042 |
Other | 439 | 273(62.2) | 145 | 88(60.7) | 0.888 |
Acute headache | |||||
EMS | 624 | 577(92.5) | 249 | 231(92.8) | 0.976 |
Medical clinic | 1012 | 706(69.8) | 422 | 354(83.9) | 0.049 |
Other | 377 | 247(65.5) | 124 | 85(68.5) | 0.800 |
Blurred/double vision | |||||
EMS | 602 | 566(94.0) | 279 | 262(93.9) | 0.991 |
Medical clinic | 1024 | 710(69.3) | 444 | 373(84.0) | 0.037 |
Other | 387 | 254(65.6) | 72 | 35(48.6) | 0.214 |
Numbness/dead sensation on one side of the body | |||||
EMS | 876 | 797(91.0) | 350 | 326(93.1) | 0.801 |
Medical clinic | 1042 | 687(65.9) | 425 | 335(78.8) | 0.062 |
Other | 95 | 46(48.4) | 20 | 9(45.0) | 0.886 |
Facial muscles weakness on the lower part on one side | |||||
EMS | 840 | 772(91.9) | 344 | 325(94.5) | 0.769 |
Medical clinic | 1078 | 718(66.6) | 427 | 336(78.7) | 0.079 |
Other | 95 | 40(42.1) | 24 | 9(37.5) | 0.821 |
Weakness on one body side | |||||
EMS | 853 | 764(89.6) | 326 | 294(90.2) | 0.944 |
Medical clinic | 1051 | 693(65.9) | 450 | 361(80.2) | 0.036 |
Other | 109 | 73(67.0) | 19 | 15(78.9) | 0.690 |
Confusion | |||||
EMS | 497 | 465(93.6) | 204 | 180(88.2) | 0.635 |
Medical clinic | 1081 | 745(68.9) | 476 | 396(83.2) | 0.035 |
Other | 435 | 320(73.6) | 115 | 94(81.7) | 0.531 |
Self-reported risk factors | |||||
History of hypertension | |||||
No/unspecified | 1872 | 1424(76.1) | 660 | 551(83.5) | 0.195 |
Yes | 141 | 106(75.2) | 135 | 119(88.1) | 0.399 |
CVDS | |||||
No | 1896 | 1439(75.9) | 716 | 600(83.8) | 0.154 |
Yes | 117 | 91(77.8) | 79 | 70(88.6) | 0.564 |
Smoking | |||||
No/unspecified | 1809 | 1390(76.8) | 619 | 533(86.1) | 0.119 |
Current | 182 | 123(67.6) | 155 | 117(75.5) | 0.545 |
Former | 22 | 17(77.3) | 21 | 20(95.2) | 0.653 |
Healthy diet | |||||
No /unspecified | 802 | 570(71.1) | 317 | 288(90.9) | 0.019 |
Yes | 1211 | 960(79.3) | 478 | 382(79.9) | 0.924 |
Alcohol consumption status | |||||
None/unspecified | 1583 | 1222(77.2) | 511 | 439(85.9) | 0.180 |
Current | 406 | 287(70.7) | 262 | 216(82.4) | 0.230 |
Former | 24 | 21(87.5) | 22 | 15(68.2) | 0.599 |
Family history of stroke/heart diseases | |||||
None/unspecified | 1246 | 997(80.0) | 454 | 360(79.3) | 0.917 |
Both stroke and heart diseases | 227 | 139(61.2) | 162 | 147(90.7) | 0.019 |
Heart diseases | 227 | 158(69.6) | 120 | 108(90.0) | 0.152 |
Stroke | 313 | 236(75.4) | 59 | 55(93.2) | 0.333 |
History of HIV/AIDS | |||||
No/unspecified | 1724 | 1267(73.5) | 515 | 409(79.4) | 0.340 |
Yes | 289 | 263(91.0) | 280 | 261(93.2) | 0.846 |
History of psychiatric diseases | |||||
No | 2013 | 1530(76.0) | 706 | 658(93.2) | 0.002 |
Yes | 0 | NA | 89 | 12(13.5) | NA |
Calculated risk factors | |||||
Physical activity status (MET min/week) | |||||
None/unspecified | 1585 | 1185(74.8) | 584 | 511(87.5) | 0.039 |
Light | 66 | 47(71.2) | 46 | 26(56.5) | 0.498 |
Moderate | 290 | 238(82.1) | 146 | 122(83.6) | 0.909 |
High | 72 | 60(83.3) | 19 | 11(57.9) | 0.405 |
BMI status | |||||
Underweight | 85 | 66(77.6) | 20 | 13(65.0) | 0.670 |
Normal, unknown | 904 | 673(74.4) | 274 | 207(75.5) | 0.896 |
Overweight | 458 | 359(78.4) | 211 | 189(89.6) | 0.299 |
Obesity | 566 | 432(76.3) | 290 | 261(90.0) | 0.142 |
Source of stroke information | |||||
Family or friends | 1231 | 951(77.3) | 482 | 414(85.9) | 0.208 |
Tv or radio | 1132 | 845(74.6) | 532 | 479(90.0) | 0.022 |
Newspaper or magazine | 769 | 657(85.4) | 468 | 434(92.7) | 0.351 |
Social Media (Internet, Facebook, WhatsApp) | 527 | 436(82.7) | 202 | 187(92.6) | 0.369 |
Doctor or nurse | 754 | 599(79.4) | 316 | 281(88.9) | 0.275 |
Others (school, patients, experience) | 316 | 249(78.8) | 143 | 112(78.3) | 0.970 |