Kynurenine and oxidative stress in children having learning disorder with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: possible role and involvement

Table 1 Comparison between the group of children with LD and the group with LD and ADHD regarding the results of the IQ assessment performed by the fifth edition of the Stanford Binet intelligence scale

Scale items	Mean ± SD in LD group	Mean ± SD in LD with ADHD group	P value
Total IQ	90.7 ± 10	95.4 ± 12	0.04*
Fluid reasoning	91.5 ± 15	99.1 ± 14	0.01*
Knowledge	91.3 ± 12	96.4 ± 11	0.04*
Quantitative reasoning	94.5 ± 10	98.4 ± 13	0.1
Visuo-spatial	90.6 ± 12	93.1 ± 12	0.3
Working memory	86.3 ± 11	90.5 ± 14	0.1
Non-verbal IQ	88.6 ± 13	93.3 ± 12	0.09
Verbal IQ	91.6 ± 11	96.7 ± 10	0.02*

IQ Intelligence Quotient, LD Learning disorder, ADHD Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, SD Standard deviation
* significant (p ≤ 0.05)

ISSN: 1471-2377