Table 1 Characterization of Study Population defined by troponin elevation after ischemic stroke
All Patients (n = 543) | Patients with high-sensitive Troponin T ≥ 14 ng/L (n = 203) | Patients with high-sensitive Troponin T < 14 ng/L (n = 340) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
Age (y), mean (SD) | 68.5 (13.5) | 76.3 (10.8) | 63.8 (12.9) | < 0.001 |
Male sex, n (%) | 337 (62.1) | 132 (65.0) | 205 (60.3) | 0.272 |
Risk factors | ||||
Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 128 (23.6) | 87 (42.9) | 41 (12.1) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 404 (75.0) | 182 (90.5) | 222 (65.6) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 109 (20.5) | 54 (27.3) | 55 (16.4) | 0.003 |
Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 91 (17.1) | 51 (25.8) | 40 (12.0) | < 0.001 |
Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 150 (27.6) | 55 (27.1) | 95 (27.9) | < 0.000 |
Clinically overt heart failure, n (%) | 31 (6.0) | 21 (11.4) | 11 (3.4) | < 0.001 |
Cardiac dysfunction | ||||
Systolic dysfunction, n (%) | 53 (10.4) | 33 (17.8) | 20 (6.2) | < 0.001 |
Diastolic dysfunction, n (%) | 117 (24.5) | 71 (42.0) | 46 (14.9) | < 0.001 |
Index event | ||||
NIHSS, median (quartiles) | 3 (1–5) | 3 (2–6) | 3 (1–5) | 0.004 |
Insular stroke, n (%) | 71 (13.1) | 31 (15.3) | 40 (11.7) | 0.241 |
Etiology | < 0.001 | |||
Large artery atherosclerosis, n (%) | 68 (12.5) | 24 (11.8) | 44 (12.9) | |
Cardioembolic, n (%) | 161 (29.7) | 86 (42.4) | 75 (22.1) | |
Small artery occlusion, n (%) | 76 (14.0) | 24 (11.8) | 52 (15.3) | |
Other defined cause, n (%) | 19 (3.5) | 2 (1.0) | 13/340 (3.8) | |
Undefined, n (%) | 219 (40.3) | 67 (33.0) | 152 (44.7) | |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2), mean (SD) | 83.7 (19.5) | 73.1 (21.4) | 90 (15.2) | < 0.001 |
eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, n (%) | 68 (12.5) | 56 (27.6) | 12 (3.5) | < 0.001 |
High-sensitivity Troponin T (ng/L), median (quartiles) | 10.9 (5.5–20.8) | 25.3 (18.8–44.1) | 6.75 (4.99–10.2) | |
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (mg/dL), median (quartiles) | 0.26 (0.11–0.79) | 0.52 (0.20–1.47) | 0.17 (0.08–0.48) | < 0.001 |
Heart rate variability† | ||||
Heart rate, mean (SD)† | 69.5 (10.6) | 71.7 (10.5) | 69.0 (10.5) | 0.138 |
SDNN (ms), mean (SD)† | 112.9 (36.9) | 106.6 (42.5) | 114.6 (35.1) | 0.265 |
RMSSD (ms), mean (SD)† | 28.0 (14.7) | 27.3 (17.1) | 28.2 (14.1) | 0.751 |
SDNN Index (ms), mean (SD)† | 49.1 (19.0) | 42.2 (18.4) | 54. 1 (43.2) | 0.008 |
SDANN (ms), mean (SD)† | 97.3 (35.9) | 95.1 (41.6) | 97.9 (34.5) | 0.656 |
Beginn Holter record (h after symptoms onset), median (quartiles)† | 32 (20–53) | 38 (21.5–57.5) | 30.5 (18.3–52.8) | 0.446 |