Table 4 Comparison between Mild, moderate and severe relapses; full recovered and unrecovered relapses regarding different categorical parameters
From: Predictors of severity and outcome of multiple sclerosis relapses
|  | Mild + Moderate Relapses (n = 183) | Severe relapses (n = 117) | P Value | Full or almost full recovery (n = 204) | Partial or no recovery (n = 96) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N(%) | N(%) | Â | N(%) | N(%) | Â | |
Sex | ||||||
 Males | 35 (19.1) | 42 (35.9) | 0.001 | 45(22.1) | 32(33.3) | 0.03 |
 Females | 148 (80.9) | 75 (64.1) | 159(77.9) | 64(66.7) | ||
Marital status | ||||||
 Single | 61(33.3) | 55(47) | 0.01 | 86(42.2) | 30(31.2) | 0.07 |
 Married | 122(66.7) | 62(53) | 118(57.8) | 66(68.7) | ||
Outcome | ||||||
 Partial or no recovery | 43(23.5) | 53 (45.3) |  <  0.001 |  |  |  |
 Full or almost full recovery | 140 (76.5) | 64 (54.7) |  |  |  | |
Severity | ||||||
 Mild + Moderate |  |  |  | 140(68.6) | 43(44.8) |  <  0.0001 |
 Severe |  |  |  | 64(31.4) | 53(55.2) | |
Symptomatic presentation | ||||||
 Mono | 118 (64.50 | 3(2.6) |  <  0.001 | 96(47.1) | 25(26) | 0.0005 |
 Poly | 65 (35.5) | 114(97.4) | 108(52.9) | 71(74) | ||
Associated | ||||||
 Fatigue | 124(67.8) | 77(65.8) | 0.7 | 128 (62.7) | 73 (76) | 0.2 |
 Depression | 93(50.8) | 60(51.3) | 0.9 | 107 (52.5) | 46 (47.9) | 0.4 |
 Cognition | 67(36.6) | 25(21.4) | 0.005 | 51(25) | 40(41.7) | 0.001 |
Precipitating factor | ||||||
 Post-partum relapse a | 11(7.4) | 4(5.3) | 0.7 | 10(6.3) | 5(7.8) | 0.7 |
 contraception a | 24(16.2) | 9(12) | 0.4 | 16(10.1) | 17(26.6) | 0.003 |
 Assisted reproductive technique a | 7(4.7) | 5(6.7) | 0.7 | 7(4.4) | 5(7.8) | 0.3 |
 Preceding infection | 2(1.1) | 5(4.3) | 0.07 | 4(2) | 3(3.1) | 0.5 |
 Psychosocial stressors | 60(32.8) | 47(40.2) | 0.1 | 80(39.2) | 27(28.1) | 0.06 |
 Smoking | 43(23.5) | 39(33.3) | 0.06 | 44(21.6) | 38(39.6) | 0.001 |
Prodromal symptoms | ||||||
 Neurological | 73(39.9) | 55(47.0) | 0.2 | 94 (46.1) | 34 (35.4) | 0.08 |
 Psychiatric | 33(18.0) | 8(6.8) | 0.005 | 24 (11.8) | 17 (17.7) | 0.1 |
Treatment of attack | ||||||
 IVMP | 147(80.3) | 107(91.5) | 0.009 | 169(82.8) | 85(88.5) | 0.2 |
 PLEX | 0(0) | 8(6.8) | 0.0002 | 0(0) | 8(6.8) | 0.0002 |
DMT intake at time of the attack | 61(33.3) | 17(14.5) | 0.0002 | 36(17.6) | 42(43.7) |  <  0.0001 |
Black holes | 33 (18) | 24(20.5) | 0.6 | 20(9.8) | 36(37.5) |  <  0.0001 |
MRI cervical spine | ||||||
 normal | 53 (29) | 83 (71) |  <  0.0001 | 45 (22.1) | 41 (42.7) | 0.0009 |
 < 3 segment | 120(65.6) | 32(27.3) | 151(74) | 51(53.1) | ||
 > 3 segment | 10 (5.4) | 2 (1.7) | 8(3.9) | 4(4.2) | ||