Table 3 Clinical features and symptoms
Migraine | Tension-type headache | Cluster headache | Other headache types | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 691) | (n = 1,441) | (n = 21) | (n = 5,208) | |||||
Questions and responses | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
Symptoms associated with headache (multiple answers) | ||||||||
Nausea or vomiting | 345 | 49.9 | 38 | 2.6 | 16 | 76.2 | 452 | 8.7 |
Stiff shoulder | 248 | 35.9 | 203 | 14.1 | 13 | 61.9 | 710 | 13.6 |
Neck pain | 185 | 26.8 | 129 | 9.0 | 13 | 61.9 | 490 | 9.4 |
Photophobia | 142 | 20.5 | 30 | 2.1 | 11 | 52.4 | 174 | 3.3 |
Phonophobia | 118 | 17.1 | 30 | 2.1 | 7 | 33.3 | 128 | 2.5 |
Dizziness | 101 | 14.6 | 58 | 4.0 | 8 | 38.1 | 217 | 4.2 |
Osmophobia | 91 | 13.2 | 16 | 1.1 | 5 | 23.8 | 92 | 1.8 |
Weakness or lethargy | 78 | 11.3 | 69 | 4.8 | 2 | 9.5 | 182 | 3.5 |
Teary eye on the side of headache | 27 | 3.9 | 6 | 0.4 | 13 | 61.9 | 18 | 0.3 |
Site of pain (multiple answers) | ||||||||
Unilateral | 585 | 84.7 | 302 | 21.0 | 17 | 81.0 | 1,662 | 31.9 |
Bilateral | 198 | 28.7 | 1,076 | 74.7 | 8 | 38.1 | 1,020 | 19.6 |
Frontal | 181 | 26.2 | 323 | 22.4 | 8 | 38.1 | 1,497 | 28.7 |
Occipital | 178 | 25.8 | 311 | 21.6 | 8 | 38.1 | 1,383 | 26.6 |
Periorbital | 249 | 36.0 | 319 | 22.1 | 16 | 76.2 | 1,152 | 22.1 |
Other | 17 | 2.5 | 29 | 2.0 | 5 | 23.8 | 249 | 4.8 |
Time of day (multiple answers) | ||||||||
Upon waking | 195 | 28.2 | 315 | 21.9 | 7 | 33.3 | 1,044 | 20.0 |
Morning | 143 | 20.7 | 311 | 21.6 | 5 | 23.8 | 823 | 15.8 |
Afternoon | 302 | 43.7 | 516 | 35.8 | 7 | 33.3 | 1,503 | 28.9 |
Evening | 142 | 20.5 | 229 | 15.9 | 6 | 28.6 | 704 | 13.5 |
Other | 13 | 1.9 | 11 | 0.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 70 | 1.3 |
No particular time | 223 | 32.3 | 503 | 34.9 | 8 | 38.1 | 2,112 | 40.6 |
Headache triggers (multiple answers) | ||||||||
Fatigue | 327 | 47.3 | 649 | 45.0 | 8 | 38.1 | 1,966 | 37.7 |
Stress | 307 | 44.4 | 500 | 34.7 | 10 | 47.6 | 1,679 | 32.2 |
Bad weather such as the time of typhoon | 286 | 41.4 | 374 | 26.0 | 7 | 33.3 | 1,041 | 20.0 |
Lack of sleep | 261 | 37.8 | 492 | 34.1 | 4 | 19.0 | 1,495 | 28.7 |
Turning points of the seasons | 208 | 30.1 | 315 | 21.9 | 6 | 28.6 | 941 | 18.1 |
Sunny or rainy days | 191 | 27.6 | 246 | 17.1 | 7 | 33.3 | 674 | 12.9 |
Work or housework | 178 | 25.8 | 390 | 27.1 | 9 | 42.9 | 1,034 | 19.9 |
Menstruation | 175 | 25.3 | 187 | 13.0 | 4 | 19.0 | 547 | 10.5 |
Among females with menstruationa | 171 | 52.6 | 185 | 40.7 | 4 | 66.7 | 534 | 37.1 |
Excessive sleep | 165 | 23.9 | 194 | 13.5 | 4 | 19.0 | 606 | 11.6 |
Feeling nervous | 149 | 21.6 | 207 | 14.4 | 6 | 28.6 | 575 | 11.0 |
Weekdays | 120 | 17.4 | 215 | 14.9 | 7 | 33.3 | 592 | 11.4 |
Weekend (including holidays) | 111 | 16.1 | 130 | 9.0 | 7 | 33.3 | 302 | 5.8 |
Drinking alcohol | 105 | 15.2 | 132 | 9.2 | 6 | 28.6 | 424 | 8.1 |
Release from nervousness | 77 | 11.1 | 39 | 2.7 | 3 | 14.3 | 192 | 3.7 |
Release from stress | 69 | 10.0 | 32 | 2.2 | 1 | 4.8 | 149 | 2.9 |
No particular triggers | 60 | 8.7 | 183 | 12.7 | 2 | 9.5 | 934 | 17.9 |
Smell of perfume or cigarettes | 53 | 7.7 | 51 | 3.5 | 4 | 19.0 | 153 | 2.9 |
Sleep | 48 | 6.9 | 43 | 3.0 | 6 | 28.6 | 136 | 2.6 |
Activities interfered by headache (multiple answers) | ||||||||
No focus on work or study | 480 | 69.5 | 801 | 55.6 | 16 | 76.2 | 2,686 | 51.6 |
Unable or unwilling to conduct housework | 367 | 53.1 | 396 | 27.5 | 9 | 42.9 | 1,246 | 23.9 |
Unwilling to work or study | 297 | 43.0 | 515 | 35.7 | 13 | 61.9 | 1,464 | 28.1 |
Cancelling plans or appointments | 197 | 28.5 | 129 | 9.0 | 4 | 19.0 | 429 | 8.2 |
Absence from work or school | 189 | 27.4 | 142 | 9.9 | 5 | 23.8 | 506 | 9.7 |
Unable to go outside | 179 | 25.9 | 108 | 7.5 | 7 | 33.3 | 387 | 7.4 |
Unable to stay in crowded places | 166 | 24.0 | 108 | 7.5 | 5 | 23.8 | 351 | 6.7 |