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Table 1 Comparison of clinical characteristics between two groups

From: Effects of motor imagery based brain-computer interface on upper limb function and attention in stroke patients with hemiplegia: a randomized controlled trial

Characteristics

BCI group (n = 30)

CR group (n = 30)

P-value

Sex

   

Male

22(73.3)

19(63.3)

0.629

Female

8(26.7)

11(36.7)

 

Age (years)

52.5(45.0, 59.3)

53.0(38.5, 59.5)

0.599

Duration of disease (days)

18.5(12.0, 24.3)

18.0(9.8, 23.0)

0.496

Stroke Type

   

Cerebral infarction

22(73.3)

17(56.7)

0.176

Cerebral hemorrhage

8(26.7)

13(43.3)

 

Years of education (years)

9.0(6.0, 14.3)

9.0(6.0, 10.3)

0.234

Brunnstrom classification of upper limb

   

III

16(55.3)

14(46.7)

0.837

IV

6(20.0)

6(20.0)

 

V

8(26.7)

10(33.3)

 

Brunnstrom classification of hand

   

II

5(16.7)

2(6.7)

0.730

III

11(36.7)

13(43.3)

 

IV

6(20.0)

7(23.3)

 

V

8(26.7)

8(26.7)

 

Ashworth rating of elbow flexor

   

0

17(56.7)

14(46.7)

0.690

1

9(31.0)

10(33.3)

 

2

4(13.3)

6(20.0)

 

KVIQ-20 score

65.0(60.0, 72.0)

62.5(58.8, 65.5)

0.166

  1. NOTE! Values are n (%) or Medians, and 25 and 75% quartiles are shown; BCI: brain-computer interface; CR: conventional rehabilitation; KVIQ-20: the kinesthetic and visual imagery questionnaire