Table 1 Basic Characteristics of Included Studies
Studies | Year | Country | Study Design | Sample size (T/C) | Age [M (SD) or Median (range/IQR)] | Time after onset | Comorbidities | Measurement Time | Measurement Tool | Operational definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
de Rooij et al. [20] | 2021 | Netherlands | RCT | 52 (28/24) | T: 65; C: 61 | from 2 weeks to 6 months | Ability to walk without physical assistance | T1, T2, T3 (3 months post intervention) | USER-P | Participation |
Tarrant et al. [21] | 2021 | UK | RCT | 41 (20/21) | T: 65.2 (12.2); C: 67.7 (8.3) | Not reported | Aphasia | T1, T2 (3 months post-randomization), T3 (6 months post-randomization) | RNLI | Social participation |
Bin Zainal et al. [22] | 2020 | Singapore | Retrospective pre-post-test design | 50 | 44 (38, 48) | Not reported | Not clear | T1, T3 | CIQ | Community reintegration |
Harel-Katz et al. [23] | 2020 | Israel | RCT | 39 (20/19) | T: 65 (52, 75); C: 66 (45, 87) | <1.5 years | Mild physical impairment | T1, T2 | RNLI | Participation |
Cruice et al. [24] | 2020 | UK | Pre-post-test design | 27 | 61.3 (11.1) | ≥ 4 months | Aphasia | T1, T2, T3 (8 weeks post intervention) | SNA; ALA | Social participation |
Chinchai et al. [25] | 2020 | Thailand | Pre-post-test design | 25 | 31–40 years: 3; 41–50 years: 5; 51–60 years: 5; >60 years: 12 | Not reported | Not clear | T1, T2 | CIQ | Community integration |
Hedman et al. [26] | 2018 | Sweden | RCT | 145 (71/74) | T: 71 (9); C: 68 (9) | <3 months | Not clear | T1, T3 (5 years post intervention) | SIS-P; OGQ | Perceived participation |
Aramaki et al. [27] | 2019 | Brasil | Pre-post-test design | 10 | 41.3 (12.77) | ≤ 5years | Hemiparesis | T1, T2 | Participation Scale | Social participation |
Strk et al. [28] | 2017 | USA | RCT | 15 (9/6) | T: 66.89 (7.96); C: 64.67 (8.21) | Not reported | No obvious complications | T1, T3 (6 months and 12 months post intervention) | RNLI | Community participation |
Kamwesiga et al. [29] | 2018 | Sweden | Pre-post-test design | 28 (13/15) | T: 61.2 (15.0); C: 58.5 (14.0) | Not reported | Disability | T1, T2 | SIS-P | Participation |
Brouwer et al. [30] | 2018 | Canada | RCT | 103 (51/52) | T: 62.7 (1.9); C: 62.1 (1.8) | Not reported | Lower limb function impairment | Discharge and 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, and 15 months after discharge | SIPSO | Community reintegration |
Van de Ven et al. [31] | 2017 | Netherlands | RCT | 97 (38/35/24) | T: 57.0 (9.1); C1: 60.9 (7.5); C2: 61.2 (9.0) | 3 months to 5 years | Cognitive impairment | T1, Middle intervention, T2, T3 (4 weeks post intervention) | USER-P | Participation in society |
Kessler et al. [32] | 2017 | Canada | RCT | 21 (10/11) | T: 71.0 (13.2); C: 64.9 (16.3) | Not reported | Not clear | T1, T2, T3 (6 months post intervention) | RNLI | Participation |
Wang et al. [33] | 2014 | China | RCT | 51 (25/26) | T: 62.0 (9.5); C: 65.4 (10.6) | > 6 months | Mild to moderate disability | T1, T2 | SIS-P | Social participation |
Tielemans et al. [34] | 2015 | Netherlands | RCT | 113 (58/55) | T: 55.2 (8.9); C: 58.8 (8.7) | ≥ 6 weeks | Cognitively impaired (partly); Communicatively impaired (partly) | T1, T2, T3 (3 months and 9 months post intervention) | USER-P | Participation restrictions |
Mckellar et al. [35] | 2015 | Canada | RCT | 77 (39/38) | T: 57.70 (29, 78); C:60.22 (25, 85) | Not reported | Not clear | T2 | RNLI | Reintegration into social activities |
Guidetti et al. [36] | 2015 | Sweden | RCT | 280 (129/151) | T: 74 (10); C: 71 (11) | ≤ 3 months | Not clear | T1, 3, 6 and 12 months after inclusion | SIS-P; FAI; OGQ; IPA | Perceived participation |
Muller et al. [37] | 2014 | America | RCT | 13 | 46 | Not reported | Not clear | T1, T2 | CIQ | Social integration |
Kim et al. [38] | 2014 | Korea | RCT | 22 (11/11) | T: 50.18 (10.29); C: 50.73 (7.24) | > 6 months | Lower limb function impairment | T1, T2 | SIS-P | Social Participation |
Marsden et al. [39] | 2010 | Australia | RCT | 25 (12/13) | T: 70.0 (9.0); C: 73.1 (9.3) | > 4 weeks | Mild to moderate disability | T1, T2 (9 weeks weeks after entry, T3 (21 weeks after entry) | SIS-P | Participation |
Harrington et al. [40] | 2010 | England | RCT | 243 (119/124) | T: 71 (10.5); C: 70 (10.2) | > 3 months | Not clear | T1, T2, T3 (6 months and 12 months post intervention) | SIPSO | Social integration |
Smith et al. [41] | 2008 | America | RCT | 20 (10/10) | T: 57.8 (7.0); C: 56 (8.3) | 3month to 2 years | Lower extremity motor impairment | T1, T2, T3 (6 weeks post intervention) | SIS-P | Social participation |
Katz-Leurer et al. [42] | 2003 | Israel | RCT | 92 (46/46) | 63 (11) | > 48 h | Not clear | T1, T2 | Subscale of FAI | Social outings |
Parker et al. [42] | 2001 | England | RCT | 466 (153/156/157) | T1: 70 (65, 79); T2: 71 (66, 78); C: 72 (65, 78) | < 6 month | Not clear | T1, T2, T3 (12 months post intervention) | NLQ | Leisure activity |
Hinckley et al. [43] | 2001 | America | Pre-post-test design | 36 (21/15) | T: 56.2; C: 62 | Not reported | Aphasia | T1, T2 | CIQ | Social integration |