Table 1 Univariate analysis of factors influencing UTI
From: Determinants of urinary tract infection in hospitalized patients with acute ischemic stroke
Variables | Total (n = 342) | Controls (n = 311) | UTI (n = 31) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Male, n (%) | 207 (60.5) | 191 (61.4) | 16 (51.6) | 0.287 |
Age (years), median (IQR) | 66 (54, 77) | 65 (54, 76) | 77 (63, 84) | 0.002 |
Age ≥ 70, n (%) | 141 (41.2) | 121 (38.9) | 20 (64.5) | 0.006 |
Risk factors for stroke | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Alcoholism, n (%) | 87 (25.4) | 83 (26.7) | 4 (12.9) | 0.093 |
Smoking, n (%) | 140 (40.9) | 134 (43.1) | 6 (19.4) | 0.010 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 246 (71.9) | 225 (72.3) | 21 (67.7) | 0.59 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 101 (29.5) | 94 (30.2) | 7 (22.6) | 0.37 |
Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 79 (23.1) | 68 (21.9) | 11 (35.5) | 0.086 |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 185 (54.1) | 167 (53.7) | 18 (58.1) | 0.64 |
Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 42 (12.3) | 34 (10.9) | 8 (25.8) | 0.038 |
Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 62 (18.1) | 47 (15.1) | 15 (48.4) | < 0.001 |
Previous stroke, n (%) | 52 (15.2) | 47 (15.1) | 5 (16.1) | 0.80 |
Neurological manifestations | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Alteration of consciousness, n (%) | 59 (17.3) | 42 (13.5) | 17 (54.8) | < 0.001 |
Weakness, n (%) | 303 (88.6) | 272 (87.5) | 31 (100) | 0.035 |
Vertigo, n (%) | 58 (17.0) | 57 (18.3) | 1 (3.2) | 0.033 |
Aphasia, n (%) | 54 (15.8) | 44 (14.1) | 10 (32.3) | 0.017 |
Initial vital signs on admission | Â | Â | Â | Â |
SBP, mean ± SD (mmHg) | 160 ± 31 | 162 ± 31 | 146 ± 31 | 0.006 |
SBP > 120 mmHg, n (%) | 306 (89.5) | 284 (91) | 22 (71) | 0.002 |
DBP, mean ± SD (mmHg) | 92 ± 20 | 93 ± 20 | 83 ± 19 | 0.013 |
 h, mean ± SD (beats/minute) | 80 ± 19 | 80 ± 18 | 87 ± 26 | 0.043 |
Temperature, mean ± SD (°C) | 36.8 ± 0.4 | 36.8 ± 0.4 | 37.0 ± 0.5 | 0.007 |
RR, mean ± SD (breaths/minute) | 21 ± 3 | 21 ± 3 | 22 ± 5 | 0.034 |
Laboratory indicators | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Glucose, mean ± SD (mg/dL) | 145 ± 76 | 144 ± 71 | 157 ± 117 | 0.69 |
BUN, mean ± SD (mg/dL) | 16 ± 10 | 16 ± 9 | 21 ± 13 | 0.005 |
Creatinine, mean ± SD (mg/dL) | 1 ± 0.6 | 1 ± 0.7 | 1 ± 0.4 | 0.45 |
Hemoglobin, mean ± SD (g/dL) | 13 ± 2 | 13 ± 2 | 12 ± 2 | 0.092 |
White blood cell count, mean ± SD (cells/mm3) | 9,138 ± 3,384 | 9,047 ± 3,255 | 10,058 ± 4,443 | 0.11 |
Neutrophil count, mean ± SD (%) | 64 ± 14 | 63 ± 14 | 70 ± 13 | 0.006 |
Lymphocyte count, mean ± SD (%) | 25 ± 12 | 26 ± 12 | 20 ± 10 | 0.005 |
Initial score on admission | Â | Â | Â | Â |
mRS score, median (IQR) | 4 (4, 5) | 4 (3, 5) | 5 (5, 5) | < 0.001 |
BI, median (IQR) | 50 (25, 70) | 55 (35, 70) | 10 (0, 35) | < 0.001 |
GCS score, median (IQR) | 15 (13, 15) | 15 (14, 15) | 10 (7, 13) | < 0.001 |
NIHSS score, median (IQR) | 6 (3, 14) | 5 (3, 12) | 22 (15, 28) | < 0.001 |
NIHSS score ≥ 15, n (%) | 83 (24.3) | 58 (18.6) | 25 (80.6) | < 0.001 |
Treatment | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Thrombolysis (rt-PA), n (%) | 47 (13.7) | 40 (12.9) | 7 (22.6) | 0.17 |
Antiplatelets, n (%) | 281 (82.2) | 264 (84.9) | 17 (54.8) | < 0.001 |
Anticoagulants, n (%) | 52 (15.2) | 40 (12.9) | 12 (38.7) | < 0.001 |
Statins, n (%) | 336 (98.2) | 308 (99.0) | 28 (90.3) | 0.011 |
Devices | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Retained Foley catheter, n (%) | 88 (25.7) | 62 (19.9) | 26 (80.6) | < 0.001 |
NG tube placement, n (%) | 82 (24.0) | 56 (18.0) | 26 (80.6) | < 0.001 |
Failed WST, n (%) | 85 (24.9) | 59 (19.0) | 26 (83.9) | < 0.001 |