Table 4 Contents list of participants’ enrollment and exit evaluation

Basic personal information collection

General units

Name, gender, age, ID number, place of birth, length of local residence, local residential address, telephone number (her/himself + relatives), educational background, nationality, language (minority language), and main occupation before 60 years old.

Comprehensive assessment of cognitive health

Cognitive function

MoCA Scale, MMSE Scale, DSST Scale, AVLT-H Scale, STT Scale, AFT Scale, and BNT-30 Scale

Daily living ability

ADL Scale, and IADL Scale.

Mental

PHQ-9 Scale, and GAD-7 Scale.

Sleep

PSQI Scale.

Nutrition

MNA-SF Scale.

Physical exercise

IPAQ-SF Scale.

Sarcopenia

SARC-F Scale.

Frail

FRAIL Scale.

Social function information

SSRS Scale.

Others

Previous disease history, hospitalization history \ Medication status \ diet, drinking, and smoking.

Physical condition assessment

General units

Body mass index, blood pressure, waist-hip ratio, biceps circumference, triceps skinfold thickness, arm span, and calf circumference.

Sarcopenia

Handgrip strength (Xiangshan EH102), six-meter walk, five-time chair stand test, appendicular skeletal muscle mass and BIA (Inbody 770).

Functional magnetic resonance imaging testing

Cognitive related units

T1, T2, T2flair, DWI, BOLD, DTI.

Biological samples testing/ storing

Informed sample testing information

Blood routine, biochemistry, trace elements, inflammatory factors, hormones, stool, and urine routine.

Cryopreserved samples (-80 ˚C)

Blood and stool.

Wearable device monitoring (Huawei band6 sports watches)

Sleep data

Total sleep duration, deep sleep duration, and light sleep duration.

Movement data

Heart rate.