Table 1 Baseline characteristics of included patients

Sex (%)

0.924

Male

96 (65.75)

65 (65.00)

31 (67.39)

1

Female

50 (34.25)

35 (35.00)

15 (32.61)

0.90 (0.42–1.88)

Age

56.00 (46.00,67.00)

50.00 (41.00,60.25)

67.50 (59.00,82.50)

1.09 (1.05–1.12)

< 0.001

Age group (years)

< 0.001

< 55.0

66 (45.21)

57 (57.00)

9 (19.57)

1

55.0–64.0

39 (26.71)

27 (27.00)

12 (26.09)

2.77 (1.04–7.68)

65.0–74.0

23 (15.75)

12 (12.00)

11 (23.91)

5.63 (1.91–17.3)

≥ 75.0

18 (12.33)

4 (4.00)

14 (30.43)

20.4 (5.87–88.9)

BMI (%)

0.147

Normal

74 (50.68)

46 (46.00)

28 (60.87)

1

Underweight

40 (27.40)

28 (28.00)

12 (26.09)

0.71 (0.30–1.61)

Overweight

32 (21.92)

26 (26.00)

6 (13.04)

0.39 (0.13–1.02)

Weight gain (%)

0.742

0–5

94 (64.38)

63 (63.00)

31 (67.39)

1

≥ 5

52 (35.62)

37 (37.00)

15 (32.61)

0.83 (0.39–1.72)

Duration of dialysis (years)

0.092

0–5

80 (54.79)

60 (60.00)

20 (43.48)

1

≥ 5

66 (45.21)

40 (40.00)

26 (56.52)

1.94 (0.96–3.98)

Hypertension

0.315

No

1 (0.68)

0 (0.00)

1 (2.17)

1

Yes

145 (99.32)

100 (100.00)

45 (97.83)

.(.-.)

Diabetes mellitus

0.372

No

104 (71.23)

74 (74.00)

30 (65.22)

1

Yes

42 (28.77)

26 (26.00)

16 (34.78)

1.52 (0.70–3.23)

Cardiovascular disease

0.006

No

80 (54.79)

63 (63.00)

17 (36.96)

1

Yes

66 (45.21)

37 (37.00)

29 (63.04)

2.87 (1.40–6.05)

Smoking

0.730

No

109 (74.66)

76 (76.00)

33 (71.74)

1

Yes

37 (25.34)

24 (24.00)

13 (28.26)

1.25 (0.55–2.74)

Insomnia

0.932

No

107 (73.29)

74 (74.00)

33 (71.74)

1

Yes

39 (26.71)

26 (26.00)

13 (28.26)

1.12 (0.50–2.45)

Hemoglobin (g/L)

0.491

Normal

60 (41.10)

43 (43.00)

17 (36.96)

1

Low

86 (38.90)

57 (57.00)

29 (63.04)

1.29 (0.63–2.64)

Albumin (g/L)

1.000

Normal

140 (95.89)

96 (96.00)

44 (95.65)

1

Low

6 (4.11)

4 (4.00)

2 (4.35)

1.13 (0.14–6.37)

BUN (mmol/L)

0.797

Normal

19 (13.01)

14 (14.00)

5 (10.87)

1

Elevated

127 (86.99)

86 (86.00)

41 (89.13)

1.31 (0.46–4.38)

Uric acid (umol/L)

0.285

Normal

62 (42.47)

39 (39.00)

23 (50.00)

1

Elevated

84 (57.53)

61 (61.00)

23 (50.00)

0.64 (0.31–1.30)

TG (mmol/L)

0.932

Normal

69 (47.26)

48 (48.00)

21 (45.65)

1

Elevated

77 (52.74)

52 (52.00)

25 (54.35)

1.10 (0.54–2.23)

TC (mmol/L)

1.000

Normal

121 (82.88)

83 (83.00)

38(82.61)

1

Low

25 (17.12)

17 (17.00)

8 (17.39)

1.04 (0.39–2.57)

HDL (mmol/L)

0.660

Normal

40 (27.40)

29 (29.00)

11 (23.91)

1

Low

106 (72.60)

71 (71.00)

35 (76.09)

1.29 (0.59–2.99)

LDL (mmol/L)

1.000

Normal

141 (96.58)

96 (96.00)

45 (97.83)

1

Elevated

5 (3.42)

4 (4.00)

1 (2.17)

0.59 (0.02–4.40)

Hs-CRP

0.086

Normal

110 (75.34)

80 (80.00)

30 (65.22)

1

Elevated

36 (24.66)

20 (20.00)

16 (34.78)

2.12 (0.96–4.67)

PTH (pg/mL)

0.919

Normal

115 (78.77)

79 (79.00)

36 (78.26)

1

Elevated

31 (21.23)

21 (21.00)

10 (21.74)

1.04 (0.45–2.44)

Vitamin D (nmol/L)

0.036

Normal

39 (26.71)

32 (32.00)

7 (15.22)

1

Low

106 (72.60)

67 (67.00)

39 (84.78)

2.66 (1.07–6.60)

Elevated

1 (0.68)

1 (1.00)

0 (0.00)

1.44 (0.05–39.07)

spKt/V

0.055

Normal

105 (71.92)

67 (67.00)

38 (82.61)

1

Low

41 (28.08)

33 (33.00)

8 (17.39)

0.43 (0.18–1.02)

ALP (U/L)

0.614

Normal

103 (70.55)

72 (72.00)

31 (67.39)

1

Low

9 (6.16)

7 (7.00)

2 (4.35)

0.70 (0.09–3.19)

Elevated

34 (23.29)

21 (21.00)

13 (28.26)

1.44 (0.62–3.23)

Ferritin (ug/L)

0.002

Normal

49 (33.56)

25 (25.00)

24 (52.17)

1

Low

73 (50.00)

54 (54.00)

19 (41.30)

0.37 (0.17–0.79)

Elevated

24 (16.44)

21 (21.00)

3 (6.52)

0.15 (0.04–0.56)