Multimodal agility-based exercise training (MAT) versus strength and endurance training (SET) to improve multiple sclerosis-related fatigue and fatigability during inpatient rehabilitation: a randomized controlled pilot and feasibility study [ReFEx]

Wolf, Florian; Nielsen, Jörn; Saliger, Jochen; Hennecken, Eva; Kröber, Philipp; Eschweiler, Mareike; Folkerts, Ann-Kristin; Karbe, Hans; Zimmer, Philipp

doi:10.1186/s12883-023-03436-8

Table 4 Descriptive data on clinical outcomes at admission, discharge, and change scores (T₁-T₀).

From: Multimodal agility-based exercise training (MAT) versus strength and endurance training (SET) to improve multiple sclerosis-related fatigue and fatigability during inpatient rehabilitation: a randomized controlled pilot and feasibility study [ReFEx]

Domain	Outcome	MAT		SET
Domain	Outcome	Mean (SD)	Min-max	Mean (SD)	Min-max
Fatigability	DWI (%)
	T₀^a T₁^a T₁-T₀ (change) ↑	-7.8 (6.5) -6.5 (5.2), n = 9 1.7 (8.5)	-17.6–0.0 -15.5–0.0 -9.8–14.6	-7.6 (5.8) -5.4 (5.3), n = 9 3.4 (4.3)	-20.0–3.3 -11.6–3.1 -2.0–9.6
	TAP-Alertness (afternoon-morning difference, ms)
	T₀^b T₁^b T₁-T₀ (change) ↓	12.2 (60.2) 36.2 (136.3), n = 10 22.6 (130. 9)	-108–119 -97–364 -154–332	8.2 (79.7) 10.6 (50.7), n = 10 25.6 (56.2)	-62–240 -26–148 -19–167
Cognitive performance	CVLT (n words)
	T₀^c T₁^c T₁-T₀ (change) ↑	56.9 (10.7) 53.0 (12.5), n = 10 -3.9 (7.5)	37–71 38–74 -18–3	53.0 (10.0) 53.7 (11.3), n = 10 0.8 (11.4)	28–65 36–70 -20–22
	SDMT (n pairs)
	T₀^d T₁^d T₁-T₀ (change) ↑	49.7 (9.1) 52.9 (10.6), n = 10 1.2 (5.8)	30–62 36–67 -10–9	49.2 (9.3) 52.0 (8.8), n = 10 3.6 (6.1)	35–63 38–69 -5–13
Exercise tolerance	GXT (W _peak )
Exercise tolerance	T₀^c T₁^c T₁-T₀ (change) ↑	106.8 (37.1) 101.7 (32.8), n = 9 2.2 (6.7)	55–175 65–165 -10–10	110.5 (42.7) 130.7 (51.6), n = 7 14.3 (16.1)	55–225 95–245 0–40
Motor function & confidence	6MWT (m)
	T₀^c T₁^c T₁-T₀ (change) ↑	499.0 (90.1) 544.8 (101.9), n = 9 43.9 (30.0)	366–631 399–700 -25–77	511.5 (89.6) 537.1 (87.0), n = 9 26.3 (32.8)	315–648 365–660 -14–81
	T25FW (s)
	T₀^d T₁^d T₁-T₀ (change) ↓	5.20 (0.99) 5.01 (0.79), n = 9 -0.10 (0.40)	4.05–7.10 3.95–6.5 -0.61–0.65	4.98 (0.98) 4.80 (0.55), n = 9 -0.30 (0.61)	3.90–7.05 4.35–6.10 -1.10–0.50
	SSST (s)
	T₀^d T₁^d T₁-T₀ (change) ↓	8.19 (2.42) 7.55 (2.21), n = 9 -0.51 (1.12)	4.95–11.37 4.91–10.72 -2.45–1.52	7.48 (1.80) 6.58 (1.33), n = 9 -0.92 (1.07)	5.52–11.62 4.90–8.85 -2.77–0.43
	FGA (total score)
	T₀^c T₁^c T₁-T₀ (change) ↑	23.0 (18.0–26.0)^* 24.0 (19.0–26.5), n = 9 2.0 (-1.5–4.5)	14–28 14–30 -4–6	24.0 (23.0–27.0)^* 25.0 (23.0–28.0), n = 9 2.0 (0.0–2.0)	12–28 15–29 -1–3
	ABC (total score)
	T₀^c T₁^c T₁-T₀ (change) ↑	70.5 (21.3) 67.8 (19.4), n = 10 0.2 (7.2)	24.1–99.1 33.4–97.2 -12.5–10.3	75.8 (14.9) 72.1 (13.2), n = 8 -2.6 (6.8)	55.0–95.6 57.5–96.3 -16.4–5.6

All outcomes had n = 11 at T₀, sample size for each outcome at T₁ is reported in the table. All scores are presented as mean (SD, min-max), except for the FGA, presented as median (interquartile range). Arrows indicate direction for improvement. ^a = scores closer to zero indicate less fatigability; ^b = lower scores indicate smaller increase in fatigability from morning to afternoon; ^c = higher scores are favorable; ^d = lower scores are favorable; ^*FGA scores are presented as median (interquartile range); 6MWT = 6-Minute Walk Test; ABC = Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale; CVLT = California Verbal Learning Test; DWI = distance walked index; FGA = Functional Gait Assessment; GXT = graded exercise test; MAT = multimodal agility-based exercise training; SDMT = Symbol Digit Modalities Test; SET = strength and endurance training; SSST = Six Spot Step Test; T25FW = Timed 25-Foot Walk Test; TAP = Test Battery of Attention Performance; T₀ = admission; T₁ = discharge; W_peak = peak power output

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ISSN: 1471-2377

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