Table 4 Stability results of neuropsychological assessment, self-report, and carer measures per domain between Wave 1 and Wave 2 including Cohen’s d effect size estimates. Statistical tests were alpha-adjusted using family-wise false discovery rate (FDR) corrections. Distribution-based MCIDs were estimated by calculating percentage of individuals whose difference in scores per measure between Wave 1 and Wave 2 were 0.5 standard deviations (SDs) above or below the mean of each measure at Wave 1. Where available in the literature, anchor-based MCID values were used to represent proportion of those improved, declined or no change between Wave 1 and Wave 2
From: Long-term psychological outcomes following stroke: the OX-CHRONIC study
Domain | Cohen’s d | MCID | MCID (Anchor or Distribution) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Improve | Decline | No Change | |||
Domain-General Cognition | |||||
 OCS Tasks Impaired | -0.10 | 0.69 | 21.2% | 29.4% | 49.4% |
 Montreal Cognitive Assessment | 0.28 | 1.22a,65 | 20.0% | 42.3% | 37.7% |
Language | |||||
 Cookie Theft Complexity | -1.33*** | 0.12 | 83.1% | 3.6% | 13.3% |
 Letter Fluency Total | 0.17 | 7.46 | 8.2% | 17.6% | 74.2% |
 Category Fluency Total | -0.04 | 5.00 | 16.4% | 15.3% | 68.3% |
Executive Function | |||||
 Trail Making Test A Accuracy | 0.17 | 0.32 | 7.1% | 15.4% | 77.5% |
 Trail Making Test B Accuracy | 0.14 | 2.99 | 20.2% | 27.3% | 52.5% |
 Hayling A Response Time | 0.46*** | 14.52 | 32.1% | 4.7% | 63.2% |
 Hayling B Response Time | 0.28 | 23.98 | 36.9% | 8.3% | 54.8% |
 Hayling B Errors | -0.04 | 5.67 | 24.1% | 28.9% | 47.0% |
 Hayling Test Total | -0.49*** | 0.92 | 60.2% | 25.3% | 14.5% |
 OCS-Plus Mixed Accuracy | 0.01 | 2.08 | 17.8% | 21.4% | 60.8% |
Memory | |||||
 Digit Span Forwards | 0.12 | 1.16 | 3.5% | 49.4% | 47.1% |
 Digit Span Backwards | 0.04 | 1.07 | 18.8% | 20.0% | 61.2% |
 Logical Memory Immediate | 0.09 | 2.23 | 23.5% | 30.9% | 45.6% |
 Logical Memory Recall | 0.03 | 2.59 | 23.8% | 29.7% | 46.5% |
Visuospatial Attention | |||||
 Star Cancellation Task Total | -0.12 | 2.85 | 9.5% | 4.7% | 85.8% |
Perceptuomotor Abilities | |||||
 OCS-Plus Figure Copy | 0.17 | 2.92 | 12.9% | 31.7% | 55.4% |
 OCS-Plus Figure Recall | 0.22 | 5.28 | 17.6% | 31.7% | 50.7% |
 ROCF – Copy | 0.69*** | 3.19 | 3.5% | 40.4% | 56.1% |
 ROCF – Recall | 0.17 | 3.67 | 19.2% | 22.8% | 58.0% |
Post-Stroke Abilities | |||||
 Modified Rankin Scale Score | -0.23 | 1a,66 | 16.4% | 29.4% | 54.2% |
 Barthel-3 item Total | -0.12 | 0.79 | 24.7% | 14.1% | 61.2% |
Quality of Life | |||||
 SIS-Short Form Scaled Total | -0.05 | 10.05 | 1.1% | 1.1% | 97.8% |
 EQ5D-5L Health Rating | -0.29* | 8.61a,67 | 37.2% | 16.2% | 46.6% |
Emotional Distress | |||||
 HADS-Depression Total | -0.08 | 2a,68 | 14.1% | 14.1% | 71.8% |
 HADS-Anxiety Total | -0.13 | 2a,68 | 12.9% | 21.1% | 66.0% |
 GDS Total | 0.09 | 2a,69 | 16.1% | 6.9% | 77.1% |
Extended Outcomes | |||||
 Apathy Evaluation Scale | 0.06 | 5.10 | 12.7% | 14.9% | 72.4% |
 Fatigue Severity Scale | -0.33* | 4.05a,70 | 19.7% | 45.3% | 35.0% |
 Sleep Condition Indicator | 0.07 | 7.00a,71 | 4.6% | 5.8% | 89.6% |
Carer Measures | |||||
 Informant-GDS Total | -0.10 | 2a,69 | 9.1% | 9.1% | 81.8% |
 IQ-CODE | 0.34 | 0.31 | 15.5% | 5.1% | 79.4% |