Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the participants with or without CID

Demographics

 Age (year), median (IQR)

42.0 (19.5)

43.0 (18.0)

42.0 (22.25)

0.747

 Female, n (%)

70 (42.4)

46 (52.9)

24 (30.8)

0.004

Medical history

 Smoking, n (%)

56 (33.9)

28 (32.2)

28 (35.9)

0.615

 Drinking, n (%)

44 (26.7)

23 (26.4)

21 (26.9)

0.944

 Hypertension, n (%)

40 (24.2)

23 (26.4)

17 (21.8)

0.487

 Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

15 (9.1)

8 (9.2)

7 (9.0)

0.961

 Onset to treat, median (IQR)

6.0 (7.5)

5.0 (7.0)

7 (10.5)

0.140

 Perinatal period in females, n (%)

14 (20.0)

11 (23.9)

3 (12.5)

0.413

 Previous Infections, n (%)

11 (6.7)

7 (8.0)

4 (5.1)

0.453

Laboratory findings

 TC (mmol/L) median, (IQR)

4.71 (1.46)

4.61 (1.24)

4.78 (1.53)

0.176

 TG (mmol/L), median (IQR)

1.45 (0.76)

1.36 (0.76)

1.67 (1.00)

0.004

 HDL-C (mmol/L), median (IQR)

1.02 (0.30)

1.05 (0.32)

0.99 (0.28)

0.123

 LDL-C (mmol/L), median (IQR)

2.66 (0.97)

2.64 (1.04)

2.76 (1.07)

0.073

 Albumin (g/L), median (IQR)

38.1 (5.40)

37.40 (5.40)

38.75 (4.85)

0.095

 white blood cell (10⁹ /L), median (IQR)

8.46 (4.15)

7.90 (3.73)

8.84 (4.69)

0.447

 Neutrophil, median (IQR)

6.00 (4.43)

5.80 (4.42)

6.06 (4.75)

0.944

 Lymphocyte, median (IQR)

1.54 (1.10)

1.38 (0.95)

1.78 (1.10)

0.003

 Homocysteine, median (IQR)

13.0 (4.0)

12.0 (5.0)

13.5 (4.0)

0.024

 D2 polymers, median (IQR)

1.35 (1.58)

1.51 (1.85)

1.08 (1.21)

0.005

Symptoms and signs

 Headache, n (%)

148 (89.7)

76 (87.4)

72 (92.3)

0.296

 focal neurologic deficit, n (%)

76 (46.1)

58 (76.3)

18 (23.7)

<0.001

 Seizure, n (%)

43 (26.1)

37 (42.5)

6 (7.7)

<0.001

 Conscious disturbance, n (%)

30 (18.2)

25 (28.7)

5 (6.4)

<0.001

Location of thrombus

 Sigmoid sinuses, n (%)

100 (60.6)

46 (52.9)

54 (69.2)

0.032

 Transverse sinuses, n (%)

113 (68.5)

56 (64.4)

57 (73.1)

0.229

 Straight sinus, n (%)

31 (18.9)

16 (18.4)

15 (19.2)

0.890

 Superior sagittal sinus, n (%)

101 (61.2)

53 (60.9)

48 (61.5)

0.935

 Deep CVT, n (%)

9 (5.5)

7 (8.0)

2 (2.6)

0.228

 Cortical vein, n (%)

22 (13.3)

15 (17.2)

7 (9.0)

0.119

Follow-up and functional outcome

 Recurrence of the disease, n (%)

14 (8.5)

6 (6.90)

8 (10.3)

0.439

 Epilepsy, n (%)

10 (6.1)

9 (10.3)

1 (1.3)

0.035

 mRS score at 3 months, median (IQR)

0 (1.0)

1.0 (2.0)

0 (1.0)

0.001

Nutritional indicators

 Body mass index (kg/m²), SD

23.63 (3.01)

23.22 (2.92)

24.09 (3.05)

0.065

 CONUT score, median (IQR)

2.0 (2.0)

2.0 (3.0)

1.5 (3.0)

0.012

 NRI, median (IQR)

100.68 (11.37)

100.00 (11.52)

103.31 (10.53)

0.031

 PNI, median (IQR)

46.70 (8.70)

44.25 (7.70)

47.70 (7.96)

0.002