Fig. 3

Flow diagram of studies selection process. In total, 873 records in the multiple databases were identified by the keywords. After removing duplicated records, 71 of the 873 records were screened for autoimmune encephalitis (AE) with co-existence of multiple anti-neuronal antibodies. Of these 71 records, 35 were excluded due to the presence of auto-antibodies associated with CNS demyelination. Twelve of the remaining 36 records were excluded due to diagnosis ineligibility with evidence insufficiency (n = 2), repeated report (n = 4) and no records of clinical cases (n = 6). Finally, 24 records including 74 cases qualified for review of clinical data on AE with co-existence of multiple anti-neuronal antibodies