Articles

Steroid responsive cavernous sinus syndrome due to Rosai-Dorfman disease: beyond Tolosa-Hunt syndrome – a case report

The term “Tolosa-Hunt syndrome” (THS) has been used to refer to painful ophthalmoplegia associated with nonspecific inflammation of the cavernous sinus and many processes can result in a similar clinical pictu...

Authors: Paulo Ribeiro Nóbrega, Pedro Gustavo Barros Rodrigues, Isabelle de Sousa Pereira, Carolina de Figueiredo Santos, Gunter Gerson, José Arnaldo Motta de Arruda, José Wagner Leonel Tavares Júnior, Pablo Picasso de Araújo Coimbra and Pedro Braga-Neto

Development of clinical guidelines for service provision of functional electrical stimulation to support walking: mixed method exploration of stakeholder views

Over the past 20 years Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) has grown in clinical use to support walking in people with lower limb weakness or paralysis due to upper motor neuron lesions. Despite growing co...

Authors: C Bulley, C Meagher, T Street, A Adonis, C Peace, C Singleton and J. Burridge

Home-based light therapy for fatigue following acquired brain injury: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Fatigue and sleep disturbance are debilitating problems following brain injury and there are no established treatments. Building on demonstrated efficacy of blue light delivered via a lightbox in reducing fati...

Authors: Laura J. Connolly, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, Jade M. Murray, Gershon Spitz, Steven W. Lockley and Jennie L. Ponsford

Sex and age differences in isolated traumatic brain injury: a retrospective observational study

Among the many factors that may influence traumatic brain injury (TBI) progression, sex is one of the most controversial. The objective of this study was to investigate sex differences in TBI-associated morbid...

Authors: Sanae Hosomi, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Tomotaka Sobue, Hiroshi Ogura and Takeshi Shimazu

Limb-shaking TIA: a case of cerebral hypoperfusion in severe cerebrovascular disease in a young adult

Limb-shaking transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs) are an under recognised presentation of severe cerebrovascular disease resulting from cerebral hypoperfusion. Patients present with jerking, transitory limb move...

Authors: Tom E. Richardson, Paul Beech and Geoffrey C. Cloud

The clinical and prognostic values of optic nerve sheath diameter and optic nerve sheath diameter/eyeball transverse diameter ratio in comatose patients with supratentorial lesions

The optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and ONSD/eyeball transverse diameter (ETD) ratio have been proven to be correlated with intracranial pressure. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic roles of ONSD a...

Authors: Sha Zhu, Chao Cheng, Dianjiang Zhao, Yuanli Zhao, Xianzeng Liu and Jun Zhang

The significance of the oxidative stress markers in the one-year prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke: a case-control study

Stroke is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Also, free radicals and oxidative stress are deleterious factor in the stroke progression. We aimed to evaluate the association between oxidative stress mark...

Authors: Sheida Shaafi, Fina Hadisi, Mahsa Mahmoudinezhad, Hamidreza Razmi, Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi and Mohammad Khalili

Extreme ecchymoses in a migraine patient using concomitant treatment with calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antibodies and fish oil supplements: a case report

Erenumab, a monoclonal antibody against the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor, is registered for migraine prevention. Compared to other conventional migraine prevention medicines (i.e. topiramate...

Authors: C. K. Cullum, M. K. Olsen, H. B. Kocadag, M. Ashina and F. M. Amin

Improvements in clinical signs of Parkinson’s disease using photobiomodulation: a prospective proof-of-concept study

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with no cure and few treatment options. Its incidence is increasing due to aging populations, longer disease duration and potentially as a CO...

Authors: Ann Liebert, Brian Bicknell, E-Liisa Laakso, Gillian Heller, Parastoo Jalilitabaei, Sharon Tilley, John Mitrofanis and Hosen Kiat

Increased cerebrospinal fluid adenosine 5'-triphosphate in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) has been suggested to cause neuroinflammation and motor neuron degeneration by activating microglia and astrocytes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Since we...

Authors: Takamasa Nukui, Atsushi Matsui, Hideki Niimi, Tomoyuki Sugimoto, Tomohiro Hayashi, Nobuhiro Dougu, Hirofumi Konishi, Mamoru Yamamoto, Ryoko Anada, Noriyuki Matsuda, Isao Kitajima and Yuji Nakatsuji

Determinants of participation and quality of life of young adults with cerebral palsy: longitudinal approach and comparison with the general population – SPARCLE 3 study protocol

Effective inclusion in society for young people with disabilities is increasingly seen as generating opportunities for self-development, and improving well-being. However, significant barriers remain in the va...

Authors: Catherine Arnaud, Carine Duffaut, Jérôme Fauconnier, Silke Schmidt, Kate Himmelmann, Marco Marcelli, Lindsay Pennington, Joaquim Alvarelhão, Chirine Cytera, Marion Rapp, Virginie Ehlinger and Ute Thyen

Comparisons of clinical characteristics, brain MRI findings, and responses to epidural blood patch between spontaneous intracranial hypotension and post-dural puncture headache: retrospective study

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension and post-dural puncture headache are both caused by a loss of cerebrospinal fluid but present with different pathogeneses. We compared these two conditions concerning their...

Authors: Gha-Hyun Lee, Jiyoung Kim, Hyun-Woo Kim and Jae Wook Cho

Autonomic dysreflexia associated with cervical spinal cord gliofibroma: case report

Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is an abnormal reflex of the autonomic nervous system normally observed in patients with spinal cord injury from the sixth thoracic vertebra and above. AD causes various symptoms inc...

Authors: Hiroyuki Mizuno, Fumiaki Honda, Hayato Ikota and Yuhei Yoshimoto

Sociodemographic factors associated with the first administration of anti-seizure medication in patients with focal epilepsy in Western China

Epilepsy is a severe chronic neurologic disease with a prevalence of 0.7% worldwide; anti-seizure medications (ASMs) are the mainstay of epilepsy treatment. The effects of sociodemographic factors on the chara...

Authors: Qiong Zhu, Yi Guo, Shuai Ma, Lili Yang, Zhonghua Lin, Hongbin Sun, Guangzong Li and Liang Yu

Correction to: Cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3-tDCS): rationale and protocol of a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study

Authors: Roderick P. P. W. M. Maas, Ivan Toni, Jonne Doorduin, Thomas Klockgether, Dennis J. L. G. Schutter and Bart P. C. van de Warrenburg

Effects of combining manual therapy, neck muscle exercises, and therapeutic pain neuroscience education in patients with migraine: a study protocol for a randomized clinical trial

Non-pharmacological approaches for the management of migraine exhibit low to moderate effectiveness due to a lack of high-quality randomized clinical trials. In fact, previous studies applied isolated techniqu...

Authors: Gabriella de Almeida Tolentino, Lidiane Lima Florencio, Carina Ferreira Pinheiro, Fabíola Dach, César Fernández-de-las-Peñas and Débora Bevilaqua-Grossi

Case report of homozygous E200D mutation of PRNP in apparently sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Inherited prion diseases are rare autosomal dominant disorders associated with diverse clinical presentations. All are associated with mutation of the gene that encodes prion protein (PRNP). Homozygous mutations ...

Authors: Ahamad Hassan, Tracy Campbell, Lee Darwent, Hans Odd, Alison Green, John Collinge and Simon Mead

Long-term complications after stent assist coiling dependent on clopidogrel response

Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is necessary for stent assisted coiling. However, long term use of DAPT has a potential risk of hemorrhagic events. We aimed to examine the relationship between clopidogrel rea...

Authors: Kenji Shoda, Yukiko Enomoto, Yusuke Egashira, Takamasa Kinoshita, Daisuke Mizutani and Toru Iwama

The global prevalence of familial multiple sclerosis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Considering that many recent studies have reported the prevalence of familial multiple sclerosis (FMS), we performed an updated meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of FMS by the addition of recent public...

Authors: Naeim Ehtesham, Maryam Zare Rafie and Meysam Mosallaei

Innumerable cerebral microbleeds in hepatitis B virus-related decompensated liver cirrhosis: a case report

Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are small, rounded, dark-signal lesions on brain MRI that represent cerebral hemosiderin deposits resulting from prior microhemorrhages and are neuroimaging biomarkers of cerebral a...

Authors: Chi Hyuk Oh and Jin San Lee

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy with hypoglossal nerve involvement and inverted Beevor’s sign: case report

Cranial nerve involvement is not commonly encountered in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP); this is especially true for involvement of the hypoglossal nerve. Neither Beevor's sig...

Authors: Huajian Zhao, Yiming Zheng, Lingchao Meng, Meng Yu, Wei Zhang, He Lv, Zhaoxia Wang, Hongjun Hao and Yun Yuan

A novel case of concurrent occurrence of demyelinating-polyneuropathy-causing PMP22 duplication and SOX10 gene mutation producing severe hypertrophic neuropathy

Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy, also referred to as Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT), is most often caused by a duplication of the peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) gene. This duplication causes CMT ...

Authors: Nozomu Matsuda, Koushi Ootsuki, Shunsuke Kobayashi, Ayaka Nemoto, Hitoshi Kubo, Shin-ichi Usami and Kazuaki Kanani

The impact of tube replacement timing during LCIG therapy on PEG-J associated adverse events: a retrospective multicenter observational study

Levodopa–carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) treatment, a unique drug delivery system for patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD), is covered by health insurance in Japan since September 2016. Various LCIG...

Authors: Kanefumi Yamashita, Yukinori Yube, Yukinao Yamazaki, Takehide Fukuchi, Masaki Kato, Tomoyuki Koike, Takeshi Uehara, Yoshiou Ikeda, Satoshi Furune, Hidehiro Murakami, Eiji Kubota, Shinsuke Fujioka, Yoshinori Sato, Xiaoyi Jin, Tomohiko Suzuki, Kazuhiro Furukawa…

Late-onset neuromuscular disorders in the differential diagnosis of sarcopenia

Sarcopenia is the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. Undiagnosed late-onset neuromuscular disorders need to be considered in the differential diagnosis of sarcopenia.

Authors: Fabian Hofmeister, Lisa Baber, Uta Ferrari, Stefan Hintze, Stefanie Jarmusch, Sabine Krause, Peter Meinke, Stefan Mehaffey, Carl Neuerburg, Fabiana Tangenelli, Benedikt Schoser and Michael Drey

Low continuation of antipsychotic therapy in Parkinson disease – intolerance, ineffectiveness, or inertia?

Antipsychotics are used in Parkinson disease (PD) to treat psychosis, mood, and behavioral disturbances. Commonly used antipsychotics differ substantially in their potential to worsen motor symptoms through do...

Authors: Thanh Phuong Pham Nguyen, Danielle S. Abraham, Dylan Thibault, Daniel Weintraub and Allison W. Willis

Cerebral large artery stenosis and occlusion in POEMS syndrome

This study aimed to investigate the frequency and risk factors for cerebral artery stenosis and occlusion in patients with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, and skin changes (POEMS) synd...

Authors: Atsuhiko Sugiyama, Hajime Yokota, Sonoko Misawa, Hiroki Mukai, Yukari Sekiguchi, Kyosuke Koide, Tomoki Suichi, Jun Matsushima, Takashi Kishimoto, Zen-ichi Tanei, Yuko Saito, Shoichi Ito and Satoshi Kuwabara

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and post-epidemic periods on the process of endovascular treatment for acute anterior circulation ischaemic stroke

The purpose of our study was to analyse endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients presenting acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke with large-vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO) during the pandemic and post-epidemi...

Authors: Tangqin Zhang, Chu Chen, Xiangjun Xu, Junfeng Xu, Ke Yang, Youqing Xu, Lili Yuan, Qian Yang, Xianjun Huang and Zhiming Zhou

Association between tirofiban monotherapy and efficacy and safety in acute ischemic stroke

Studies have suggested that glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists such as tirofiban are beneficial for patients with acute coronary syndromes. However, it is still uncertain about the efficacy and safety of tirofi...

Authors: Chunrong Tao, Yuyou Zhu, Chao Zhang, Jianlong Song, Tianlong Liu, Xiaodong Yuan, Wenwu Luo, Changchun Chen, Dezhi Liu, Yuanyuan Zhu, Jie Liu and Wei Hu

Next-generation sequencing combined with serological tests based pathogen analysis for a neurocysticercosis patient with a 20-year history:a case report

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common helminthic infection of the central nervous system (CNS) caused by the larval stage of Taenia solium. Accurate and early diagnosis of NCC remains challenging due to its...

Authors: Bin Chen, Zheng Chen, Yi-shu Yang, Gui-lan Cai, Xiao-jiao Xu, Hong-zhi Guan, Hai-tao Ren and Hou-zhen Tuo

Multiple sclerosis projection in Tehran, Iran using Bayesian structural time series

The prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has been increasing worldwide and the highest prevalence ratio among Asian countries was reported in Iran. This study aims to estimate the increase in MS occurrence du...

Authors: Payam Amini, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Masood Najafi and Sharareh Eskandarieh

Quantitative assessments of pupillary light reflexes in hospital-onset unresponsiveness

Patients who develop hospital-onset unresponsiveness should be promptly managed in order to avoid clinical deterioration. Pupillary examination through pupillary light reflex is the gold standard method in the...

Authors: Hyunjo Lee, Soh Hyun Choi, Bobin Park, Yoon-Hee Hong, Han-Bin Lee and Sang-Beom Jeon

Efficacy and safety of pulsed radiofrequency modulation of thoracic dorsal root ganglion or intercostal nerve on postherpetic neuralgia in aged patients: a retrospective study

Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is common in elderly patients and can be alleviated by pulsed radiofrequency (PRF). However, PRF treatments display different efficacy on different nerves. The purpose of this stud...

Authors: Xuehua Huang, Yanfeng Ma, Weimin Wang, Yunxiu Guo, Bo Xu and Ke Ma

Google search behavior for meningitis and its vaccines: an infodemiological study

The internet has made significant contributions towards health education. Analyzing the pattern of online behavior regarding meningitis and vaccinations may be worthwhile. It is hypothesized that the online se...

Authors: John Angelo Luigi S. Perez, Adrian I. Espiritu and Roland Dominic G. Jamora

Gliosarcoma vs. glioblastoma: a retrospective case series using molecular profiling

Gliosarcoma (GS) refers to the presence of mesenchymal differentiation (as seen using light microscopy) in the setting of glioblastoma (GB, an astrocytoma, WHO Grade 4). Although the same approach to treatment...

Authors: Christopher Dardis, David Donner, Nader Sanai, Joanne Xiu, Sandeep Mittal, Sharon K. Michelhaugh, Manjari Pandey, Santosh Kesari, Amy B. Heimberger, Zoran Gatalica, Michael W. Korn, Ashley L. Sumrall and Surasak Phuphanich

Collateral status evaluation coupled with time window by dynamic axial computed tomographic angiography with a focus on the middle cerebral artery for mechanical thrombectomy

Dynamic axial computed tomographic angiography (dynax–CTA), covering a thin width, with a focus on the bilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA), can quickly visualize the internal carotid artery (ICA) or MCA occ...

Authors: Takahisa Mori, Kazuhiro Yoshioka, Wataru Mori and Yuhei Tanno

Risk factors for postoperative ischemic complications in pediatric moyamoya disease

Ischemic events are the most common postoperative complication in bypass surgery for moyamoya disease (MMD), but the risk factors for pediatric MMD remain unclear. The goal of the study was to investigate the ...

Authors: Xiaofeng Deng, Peicong Ge, Rong Wang, Dong Zhang, Jizong Zhao and Yan Zhang

Tocilizumab-associated posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in giant-cell arteritis – case report

We describe one of the first cases of a Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) under tocilizumab as treatment of Giant cell arteritis (GCA).

Authors: Michaela Butryn, Sabine Mewes, Eugen Feist, Oliver Beuing, Christian Müller and Jens Neumann

Sativex® (nabiximols) cannabinoid oromucosal spray in patients with resistant multiple sclerosis spasticity: the Belgian experience

This retrospective study evaluates patient-reported outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) spasticity who were treated with a cannabinoid oromucosal spray (Sativex®, USAN name: nabiximols) after not...

Authors: Marie D’hooghe, Barbara Willekens, Valerie Delvaux, Miguel D’haeseleer, Daniel Guillaume, Guy Laureys, Guy Nagels, Patrick Vanderdonckt, Vincent Van Pesch and Veronica Popescu

Effects of long-term anti-seizure medication monotherapy on all-cause death in patients with post-stroke epilepsy: a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan

We aim to compare the effect of long-term anti-seizure medication (ASM) monotherapy on the risk of death and new ischemic stroke in patients with post-stroke epilepsy (PSE).

Authors: Chia-Yu Hsu, Chun-Yu Cheng, Jiann-Der Lee, Meng Lee and Bruce Ovbiagele

Cerebellar venous thrombosis mimicking a cerebellar tumor due to polycythemia vera: a case report

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) occurs rarely in the general population and is frequently associated with confused clinical findings and delayed diagnosis. Isolated cerebellar cortical vein thrombosis is a ve...

Authors: Hongfeng Wen, Di Jin, Yu Chen, Bin Cui and Tianyi Xiao

Overall trend towards headache remission during the COVID-19 pandemic among Chinese patients with pre-existing headache highlights the role of family support

The global status of the COVID-19 pandemic is not optimistic. This is a particularly vulnerable time for patients with pre-existing headache disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of the ...

Authors: Qiaoyu Gong, Shuping Liu, Ruiting Li, Lihua Yao and Zheman Xiao

The role of a virtual avatar in attention and memory tasks in Rett syndrome

Since subjects with Rett syndrome (RTT) focus their attention mainly on the faces of people with whom they interact, in this study the role of a human-like smart interactive agent (an avatar) in enhancing cogn...

Authors: Rosa Angela Fabio, Giorgia Pergolizzi, Andrea Nucita, Giancarlo Iannizzotto and Tindara Caprì

Initial in-hospital heart rate is associated with three-month functional outcomes after acute ischemic stroke

Increased heart rate (HR) has been associated with stroke risk and outcomes.

Authors: Ya-Wen Kuo, Meng Lee, Yen-Chu Huang and Jiann-Der Lee

EGFR-mutant NSCLC presenting with stroke and massive systemic embolization as the first manifestation: case report

Presentation with massive systemic embolization as the initial manifestation of occult malignancy is infrequent. The standard management of cancer-related arterial thromboembolism has not yet been established.

Authors: Zheng Wang, Jiangyong Miao, Lina Wang, Ying Liu, Hui Ji, Xiangjian Zhang and Lili Cui

Low dose statins improve prognosis of ischemic stroke patients with intravenous thrombolysis

For acute ischaemic stroke patients, it is uncertain whether intravenous thrombolysis combined with statins might increase the therapeutic effect. Additionally, using high-intensity statins after thrombolysis ...

Authors: Chaohua Cui, Yanbo Li, Jiajia Bao, Shuju Dong, Lijie Gao and Li He

Serial magnetic resonance imaging changes of pseudotumor lesions in retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations: a case report

Retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations (RVCL-S) is an adult-onset rare monogenic microvasculopathy. Its typical neuroimaging features are punctate white matter lesio...

Authors: Yuying Yan, Shuai Jiang, Ruilin Wang, Xiang Wang, Peng Li and Bo Wu

Validity and reliability of the Georgian-language brief international cognitive assessment for multiple sclerosis (BICAMS)

Cognitive impairment is one of the common features of multiple sclerosis (MS). Despite high prevalence, cognitive decline is often overlooked by neurologists. The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for M...

Authors: Nazibrola Botchorishvili, Nino Shiukashvili, Nina Mikeladze, Ann Dzagnidze, Nino Mikava, Maia Tighashvili and Marina Janelidze

Lacosamide-induced sinus node dysfunction followed by severe agranulocytosis

Lacosamide (LCM) is the antiepileptic drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2008 that facilitates slow activation of the voltage-gated sodium channels. Neutropenia and cardiac events includ...

Authors: Makoto Shibata, Reona Hoshino, Chisato Shimizu, Masayuki Sato, Natsumi Furuta and Yoshio Ikeda

Clinical Ethics Consultation in Neurology – a case series

The concept of clinical ethics consultation (CECs) was implemented to provide support in ethical controversies in clinical settings and are offered in at least every second hospital in Germany. Neurological di...

Authors: Benjamin Ilse, Bernd Alt-Epping, Albrecht Günther, Jan Liman and Alfred Simon

Recurrent epistaxis from inflamed granulated tissue and an associated pseudoaneurysm of the internal carotid artery: case report

Chronic inflamed tissue in nasal cavity is a rare complication of transsphenoidal approach (TSA). Inflamed tissue is rich in blood vessels, which can lead to frequent nosebleeds. In addition, chronic inflammat...

Authors: Ja Yoon Kim, Yong Bae Kim and Joonho Chung