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Delirium is a common disorder affecting around 31% of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Delirium assessment scores such as the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) are time-consuming, they cannot differe...
Muscle ultrasonography has been increasingly recognized as a useful tool for detection of fasciculations. Separately, concordance between dominant hand and onset side has been reported in amyotrophic lateral s...
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is most classically associated in both children and adults with phenotypes including bilateral and recurrent optic neuritis (ON) and tran...
Diagnostics of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) require a multimodal approach. Neuropsychologists examine the degree and etiology of dementia syndromes and results are combined with those of cerebrospinal fluid marker...
Only a few earlier publications on intrasellar pressure (ISP) have not been able to fully clarify any association between ISP and pituitary adenoma size and growth pattern. The aim of the study was to determin...
The original article was published in BMC Neurology 2019 19:304
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive autoimmune demyelinating disorder. Recent studies suggest that a combination of genetic susceptibility and environmental insult contributes to its pathogenesis. Many ca...
Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been considered a surrogate marker of insulin resistance. We investigated the association between TyG index and stroke recurrence and compared the effectiveness of TyG inde...
After a stroke, several aspects of health and function may influence how individuals perceive their own health. However, self-rated health (SRH), as well as its relationship with functioning, has been little e...
Febrile status epilepticus is the most common form of status epilepticus in children. No previous reports compare the effectiveness of treatment strategies using fosphenytoin (fPHT) or phenobarbital (PB) and t...
Admittedly, little is known about the epidemiological signatures of familial multiple sclerosis (FMS) in different geographical regions of Iran.
Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is approved therapy for the treatment of intractable epilepsy. The stimulation of either nerve, left or right, is effective. However, due to the anatomic and physiological effects...
Isaacs’ syndrome is a peripheral nerve hyperexcitability (PNH) syndrome due to peripheral motor nerve instability. Acquired Isaacs’ syndrome is recognized as a paraneoplastic autoimmune disease with possible p...
To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatments and outcomes of patients with myasthenia gravis with antibodies to muscle-specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK-MG).
To assess the nocioceptive input of habitual nocturnal jaw clenching that acts as a contributing factor in migraine pathogenesis.
Levodopa remains the most effective symptomatic treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD) more than 50 years after its clinical introduction. However, the onset of motor complications can limit pharmacological in...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological disorders which main cause is not identified yet. Some studies mentioned the possible role of infectious agents such as chlamydia pneumonia, mycop...
Due to the lack of health education adherence assessment tools for stroke patients, the assessment of health education adherence in this population is insufficient, which hinders the prevention and rehabilitat...
Migraine is one of the main causes of long-term morbidity, and it is one of the major contributors of all types of headaches in worldwide. Despite its disruptive effect, it is frequently underdiagnosed and und...
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) associated with neuroleptic malignant-like syndrome (NMLS) is rare and few cases have been described in the literature.
Intra-cranial schwannomas account for less than 8% of brain tumors, among which more than 80% arise from the vestibular nerve. Intra-cerebellar schwannomas are extremely rare. Several cases have been previousl...
Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is involved in maintenance of physiological concentrations of glutathione in cells, and protects them from oxidative stress-induced damage. However, its role in post-stroke cog...
Some current evidence is pointing towards an association between COVID-19 and worsening of multiple sclerosis (MS), stressing the importance of preventing COVID-19 among people with MS (pwMS). However, populat...
Neurocysticercosis is a neuroinfectious disease caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Taenia solium. Isolated spinal cysticercosis is rare, with limited cases having been reported in the literature. This ent...
Prior studies on the role of gut-microbiome in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) pathogenesis have yielded conflicting results. We hypothesized that gut- and oral-microbiome may differentially impact two cli...
Proper evaluation of ocular fundi is an integral part of neurological examination. Unfortunately, neurology residents are increasingly uncomfortable performing fundoscopy and interpreting findings because of d...
Bainbridge-Ropers syndrome is caused by monoallelic ASXL3 variants on chromosome 18. Clinical features include dysmorphic facies, developmental delay, intellectual disability, autistic traits, hypotonia, failu...
Genetic variations in the inflammatory Caspase-1 gene have been shown associated with cognitive function in elderly individuals and in predisposition to Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but its detailed mechanism before...
The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Neurology 2022 22:108
The aim of this study was to assess the value of dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials (DSEPs) and cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) in monitoring spinal cord function for patients with con...
This is an update on the existing evidence regarding a relationship between infection with human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and multiple sclerosis (MS) in order to contribute on the attempt to define the nature and...
Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is known to occur due to lesions in the medulla oblongata. Although medullary lesions have occurred in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), there are few repo...
Although functional impairment in patients with myotonic dystrophy is an important determinant of the quality of life (QoL), patients’ subjective evaluation of their symptoms may also affect their QoL. The aim...
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. We report a case of ADEM presenting with bilateral optic neuritis tempor...
VPS13D is a large ubiquitin-binding protein playing an essential role in mitophagy by regulating mitochondrial fission. Recently, VPS13D biallelic pathogenic variants have been reported in patients displaying var...
Transsphenoidal surgery is the preferred first-line therapy for most pituitary adenoma(PA), and the conventional strategy of treatment is intracapsular resection(IR). The protocol of extracapsular resection(ER...
The hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign (HMCAS) is an early radiological marker to provide an early diagnosis and to identify ischemia. As reported, HMCAS is associated with heavy clot burden. Moreover, a h...
Intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICUAW), embraces an array of disorders labeled “critical illness polyneuropathy” (CIP), “critical illness myopathy” (CIM) or “critical illness polyneuromyopathy” (CIPNM)....
Conclusions from studies evaluating vessel dimensions and their deviations from values resulting from the principle of minimum work (PMW) on the formation of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are still inconclusive...
By definition, the background EEG is normal in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) patients and not accompanied by other developmental and cognitive problems. However, some recent studies using quantitative EEG ...
Hereditary spastic paraplegia 49 (HSP49) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease first discovered in 2012; and which the mutation primarily affects Bukharian Jewish patients.
The effect of Glucocorticoids (GCs) on the treatment of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) has been controversial. There is no information on whether specific subtypes of GBS respond differently to GCs. In this set...
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) can remain lifelong in the latent state in ganglionic neurons and adrenal glands after the initial infection. However, it can be reactivated anytime and can trigger several severe ...
The usual neurologic manifestations of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease include aseptic meningitis and headaches. We performed the present study to review all unusual neurologic manifestations reported in VK...
The aim of this study was to develop a screening score system of non-contrast transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for patent foramen ovale (PFO) in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS).
Progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) is an acute, potentially life-threatening, yet curable neuro-immunological disease characterized by spasms, muscular rigidity, and brainstem and...
Frequency of Advanced Parkinson’s Disease (APD) and its clinical characteristics are still not well defined. Here, we aimed to assess APD prevalence in the Italian OBSERVE-PD cohort, as well as treatment eligi...
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare demyelinating lytic brain infection caused by the John Cunningham virus (JCV). JCV manifests primarily in patients with innate immunodeficiency or tak...
To investigate the diagnostic value of serum neurofilament light chain (NFL) for discriminating Parkinson disease (PD) from Essential tremor (ET) and healthy controls, and to evaluate its correlation with some...
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an auto-immune disease, and the mainstay of therapy is immunomodulation. Such patients are at high risk of acquiring any infections. Hence, we sought to determine the impact of the cu...
Mechanical thrombectomy has been widely performed for large vessel occlusion stroke. The present study aimed to determine whether cumulative experience could improve thrombectomy outcomes.
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