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  1. The association between cytomegalovirus (CMV) and dementia remains controversial. Previous studies have suggested that CMV serostatus, as assessed by serum immunoglobulin G, plays a role in neurodegeneration w...

    Authors: Kyoung Hwa Lee, Da Eun Kwon, Kyung Do Han, Yeonju La and Sang Hoon Han

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:216

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay is a neurodegenerative condition due to mutations in the SACS gene and without a cure. Attempts to treatments are scarce and limited to symptomatic drugs.

    Authors: Ivana Ricca, Alessandra Tessa, Rosanna Trovato, Giacomo Maria Bacci and Filippo Maria Santorelli

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:215

    Content type: Case report

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  3. It is not well defined whether Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) patients with elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) levels have characteristic clinical features and are related to the subgroups of GBS.

    Authors: Takafumi Hosokawa, Hideto Nakajima, Taiki Sawai, Yoshitsugu Nakamura, Eri Sano, Akihiro Tsukahara, Kiichi Unoda, Shimon Ishida, Sadaki Sakane, Fumiharu Kimura and Shigeki Arawaka

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:214

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Routine test of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), such as glucose concentrations, chloride ion, protein and leukocyte, as well as color, turbidity and clot, were important indicators for intracranial infection. Howev...

    Authors: Tiantian Zhai, Zhong lian Fu, Yan bing Qiu, Qiang Chen, Dong Luo and Kaisen Chen

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:213

    Content type: Research article

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  5. DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) was demonstrated to increase the cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the animal models, but there are no clinic studies to verify this. We aimed to explore the effect of NBP on improving c...

    Authors: Dawei Chen, Yanwei Yin, Jin Shi, Fen Yang, Kehua Wang, Faguo Zhao, Wenping Li and Bin Li

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:212

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Vestibular migraine, a kind of acute vestibular syndrome, leads to both migraines and vertigo symptoms in a single patient. The occurrence of vestibular migraine has shown an obvious increase in female groups ...

    Authors: Ying Xin, Junyi Fu, Longchang Xie, Jie Yang and Guanhao Ke

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:211

    Content type: Case report

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  8. Concussion is the most common type of TBI, yet reliable objective measures related to these injuries and associated recovery processes remain elusive, especially in military personnel. The purpose of this stud...

    Authors: Katie A. Edwards, Jessica M. Gill, Cassandra L. Pattinson, Chen Lai, Misha Brière, Nicholas J. Rogers, Denise Milhorn, Jonathan Elliot and Walter Carr

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:209

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Cerebellar degeneration as a consequence of a malignancy is a rare condition most commonly related to the presence of anti-Yo, anti-Hu, and anti-Tr/DNER antibodies. In recent years, several reports have indica...

    Authors: Philipp A. Loehrer, Lars Timmermann, Anika Pehl, Corinna I. Bien, Andreas Pfestroff and David J. Pedrosa

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:208

    Content type: Case report

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  10. Homozygous frameshift mutation in RUBCN (KIAA0226), known to result in endolysosomal machinery defects, has previously been reported in a single Saudi family with autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia (Sa...

    Authors: Mohammed Z. Seidahmed, Muddathir H. Hamad, Albandary AlBakheet, Salah A. Elmalik, Abdulmajeed AlDrees, Jumanah Al-Sufayan, Ibrahim Alorainy, Ibrahim M. Ghozzi, Dilek Colak, Mustafa A. Salih and Namik Kaya

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:207

    Content type: Case report

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  11. Stroke burden in young adults is growing associated with unique risk factors and devastating outcomes. We aimed to investigate the magnitude, risk factors and outcomes of first ever stroke in young adults ≤45 ...

    Authors: Sarah Shali Matuja, Patricia Munseri and Khuzeima Khanbhai

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:206

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Multiple sclerosis (MS) causes significant economic burden to the patients, families, health systems and society. This study aimed to estimate the annual economic costs incurred by patients with multiple scler...

    Authors: Ali Imani, Farid Gharibi, Ali Khezri, Nasrin Joudyian and Koustuv Dalal

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:205

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Cognitive dysfunction affects up to 70% of people with progressive MS (PMS). It can exert a deleterious effect on activities of daily living, employment and relationships. Preliminary evidence suggests that pe...

    Authors: Anthony Feinstein, Maria Pia Amato, Giampaolo Brichetto, Jeremy Chataway, Nancy Chiaravalloti, Ulrik Dalgas, John DeLuca, Peter Feys, Massimo Filippi, Jennifer Freeman, Cecilia Meza, Matilde Inglese, Robert W. Motl, Maria Assunta Rocca, Brian M. Sandroff, Amber Salter…

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:204

    Content type: Study protocol

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  14. To our knowledge, the exposed nerve roots in thoracic spine are usually sacrificed to facilitate osteotomy during posterior vertebral column resection (PVCR) for severe spinal deformity. Currently we report a ...

    Authors: Shujie Wang, Zhifu Ren, Zhen Yang and Jianguo Zhang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:203

    Content type: Case report

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  15. A high multiple sclerosis activity while on alemtuzumab is rather uncommon compared to moderate-efficacy drugs. The purpose of this case report is to present a case of a 37-year-old female patient with bronchi...

    Authors: Martin Vališ, Pavel Ryška, Simona Halúsková, Blanka Klímová and Zbyšek Pavelek

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:202

    Content type: Case report

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  16. Stress cardiomyopathy (Takotsubo cardiomyopathy) is very rare in the central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating disorders. Although this dysfunction of the heart-brain axis has been reported in several case se...

    Authors: Sungsik An, Hyeo-il Ma, Jooyeon Song, Hong-Mi Choi and Young Eun Kim

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:201

    Content type: Case report

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  18. Direct evidence of intimal flaps, double lumen and intramural haematomas (IMH) is difficult to detect on conventional angiography in most intracranial vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysms (VBDAs). Our purpose ...

    Authors: Xianjin Zhu, Hancheng Qiu, Ferdinand K. Hui, Yiqun Zhang, Yun-e Liu, Fengyuan Man and Wei-Jian Jiang

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:199

    Content type: Research article

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  19. We investigated the clinical course of patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDoC), predictors of emergence from PDoC (EDoC), and the temporal dynamics of six neurobehavior domains based on the J...

    Authors: Hoo Young Lee, Jung Hyun Park, Ae Ryoung Kim, Misun Park and Tae-Woo Kim

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:198

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Acute ischemic stroke attack with and without a recent TIA may differ in clinical risk factors, and this may affect treatment outcomes following thrombolytic therapy. We examined whether the odds of exclusion ...

    Authors: Nicolas Poupore, Dan Strat, Tristan Mackey, Ashley Snell and Thomas Nathaniel

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:197

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Pathogenic variants in the FKRP gene cause impaired glycosylation of α-dystroglycan in muscle, producing a limb-girdle muscular dystrophy with cardiomyopathy. Despite advances in understanding the pathophysiol...

    Authors: Doris G. Leung, Alex E. Bocchieri, Shivani Ahlawat, Michael A. Jacobs, Vishwa S. Parekh, Vladimir Braverman, Katherine Summerton, Jennifer Mansour, Genila Bibat, Carl Morris, Shannon Marraffino and Kathryn R. Wagner

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:196

    Content type: Research article

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  22. The prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has been increasing worldwide and the north–south gradient of prevalence may be disappearing in the Northern hemisphere. The few previous prevalence studies performed ...

    Authors: Mariana Branco, Ivânia Alves, Ana Martins da Silva, Joaquim Pinheiro, Maria José Sá, Inês Correia, Lívia Sousa, Eva Brandão, Carlos Veira, Bernardo Gomes and Luis Ruano

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:195

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Injection-site reactions have been reported with biologicals. In this post hoc analysis of Phase 3 studies in participants with migraine, we provide a comprehensive overview and detailed summary of injection-s...

    Authors: Virginia L. Stauffer, Shufang Wang, Jo Bonner, ByungKun Kim, Rohit Bhandari, Kathleen A. Day and Angelo Camporeale

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:194

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Cognitive impairment is common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Accurate and repeatable measures of cognition have the potential to be used as markers of disease activity.

    Authors: Seyed-Mahdi Khaligh-Razavi, Maryam Sadeghi, Mahdiyeh Khanbagi, Chris Kalafatis and Seyed Massood Nabavi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:193

    Content type: Research article

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  27. To explore the underlying mechanisms leading to the occurrence of hyponatremia and enhanced urinary sodium excretion in brain trauma patients using sodium balance and urinary biochemical analysis.

    Authors: Alexandre Lannou, Cedric Carrie, Sebastien Rubin, Gregoire Cane, Vincent Cottenceau, Laurent Petit and Matthieu Biais

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:190

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Endovascular therapy (EVT) is increasingly used to improve cerebral reperfusion after moderate-to-severe acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, the influence of hemodynamic factors on clinical outcome is still ...

    Authors: Ge Tian, Zhong Ji, Kaibin Huang, Zhenzhou Lin, Suyue Pan and Yongming Wu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:189

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Parkinson’s disease is one of the most frequent causes of disability among the older adults. It is a chronic-progressive neuro-degenerative disease, characterized by several motor disorders. Balance disorders ...

    Authors: Roberta Bevilacqua, Elvira Maranesi, Mirko Di Rosa, Riccardo Luzi, Elisa Casoni, Nadia Rinaldi, Renato Baldoni, Fabrizia Lattanzio, Valentina Di Donna, Giuseppe Pelliccioni and Giovanni Renato Riccardi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:186

    Content type: Study protocol

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  32. To explore the feasibility of the metrics of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) for investigations of the microstructural changes of spinal cord injury in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) and...

    Authors: Zhuohang Liu, Bingyang Bian, Gang Wang, Cheukying Tian, Zhenshan Lv, Zhiqing Shao and Dan Li

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:185

    Content type: Research article

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  33. In individuals with neuromuscular diseases (NMD), symptoms of muscle weakness, fatigue and pain may limit physical activity. Inactivity leads to reduced physical fitness, which further complicates daily life f...

    Authors: Sander Oorschot, Merel A. Brehm, Annerieke C. van Groenestijn, Fieke S. Koopman, Camiel Verhamme, Filip Eftimov, Judith G. M. Jelsma, Harald T. Jorstad, Frans Nollet and Eric L. Voorn

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:184

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  34. Pisa syndrome (PS) is characterized by an abnormally sustained posture, with flexion of the body and head to one side and slight rotation of the trunk. Although PS most commonly arises as an adverse effect of ...

    Authors: Yu Mimura, Shin Kurose, Taketo Takata, Hajime Tabuchi, Masaru Mimura and Michitaka Funayama

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:183

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  35. To describe the clinical phenotype of paroxysmal extreme pain disorder, an autosomal dominant condition in four members in one family with the mutation NM_002977.3:c.3892G > T (p.Val1298Phe) in the SCN9A gene. Cl...

    Authors: Adam Stępień, Daria Sałacińska, Jacek Staszewski, Marta Durka-Kęsy and Jan Dobrogowski

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:182

    Content type: Case report

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  36. Recovery patterns of motor function and activity capacity of the upper extremity after stroke have been described, but less is known about longitudinal changes of perceived manual activity performance. The aim...

    Authors: Elisabeth Ekstrand, Katharina S. Sunnerhagen, Hanna C. Persson, Åsa Lundgren-Nilsson and Margit Alt Murphy

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:181

    Content type: Research article

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  37. The etiologic determinants of cryptogenic stroke remain a diagnostic challenge in clinical practice. Fabry disease (FD) is one of the monogenic causes of stroke that may remain unrecognized as a potential cont...

    Authors: Shuai Jiang, Lei Wang, Yuying Yan, Qiange Zhu, Jincheng Wan, Jiayu Sun and Bo Wu

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:180

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  38. Diverse mechanisms including infections, autoimmune inflammatory reactions, neoplasms, and degeneration are involved in the central nervous system in cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. In such cases...

    Authors: Mayu Ishiguro, Yuji Ueno, Yuta Ishiguro, Masashi Takanashi, Kenji Murai, Guillaume Taieb, Kensuke Daida, Akimitsu Suda, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Toshio Naito and Nobutaka Hattori

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:179

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  39. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive malignant brain tumors. Intracranial GBM metastases to the spine are rarely detected clinically. Secondary gliosarcomas after treatment of primary GB...

    Authors: Bing-Hung Hsu, Wei-Hwa Lee, Shun-Tai Yang, Cheng-Ta Han and Yuan-Yun Tseng

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:178

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  40. Neurodegeneration, rather than inflammation, plays a key role in the progressive phase of multiple sclerosis (MS). Current disease modifying treatment options for people with progressive MS (PMS) do not specif...

    Authors: A. S. Gravesteijn, H. Beckerman, B. A. de Jong, H. E. Hulst and V. de Groot

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:177

    Content type: Study protocol

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  41. Narcolepsy is a rare chronic sleep disorder that typically begins in youth. Excessive daytime sleepiness is the main disabling symptom, but the disease is often associated with severe endocrine-metabolic and p...

    Authors: Francesca Ingravallo, Luca Vignatelli, Uberto Pagotto, Stefano Vandi, Monica Moresco, Anastasia Mangiaruga, Claudia Oriolo, Corrado Zenesini, Fabio Pizza and Giuseppe Plazzi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:176

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  42. We propose two new concepts, the Filum Disease (FD) and the Neuro-cranio-vertebral syndrome (NCVS), that group together conditions thus far considered idiopathic, such as Arnold-Chiari Syndrome Type I (ACSI), ...

    Authors: Miguel B. Royo-Salvador, Marco V. Fiallos-Rivera, Horia C. Salca and Gabriel Ollé-Fortuny

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:175

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Cognitive impairment (CI) with mixed vascular and neurodegenerative pathologies after stroke is common. The role of amyloid pathology in post-stroke CI is unclear. We hypothesize that amyloid deposition, measu...

    Authors: Guri Hagberg, Hege Ihle-Hansen, Brynjar Fure, Bente Thommessen, Håkon Ihle-Hansen, Anne Rita Øksengård, Mona K. Beyer, Torgeir B. Wyller, Ebba Gløersen Müller, Sarah T. Pendlebury and Per Selnes

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:174

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune mediated disease and the progressive phase appears to have significant neurodegenerative mechanisms. The classification of the course of progressive MS (PMS) has bee...

    Authors: Ethel Ciampi, Reinaldo Uribe-San-Martin, Claudia Cárcamo, Juan Pablo Cruz, Ana Reyes, Diego Reyes, Carmen Pinto, Macarena Vásquez, Rafael A. Burgos and Juan Hancke

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:173

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Perinatal asphyxia, more appropriately known as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), is a condition characterized by clinical and laboratory evidence of acute or sub-acute brain injury resulting from systemi...

    Authors: Beatrice Ezenwa, Chinyere Ezeaka, Iretiola Fajolu, Anne Ogbenna, Omodele Olowoyeye, Obiyo Nwaiwu, Zainab Opoola and Gbenga Olorunfemi

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:171

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  48. The epidemiological characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS) have been investigated in various studies, which have revealed that the prevalence of MS varies across countries. The present study was conducted ...

    Authors: Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Mohammad Ali Sahraian and Sharareh Eskandarieh

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:169

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Stroke-like episodes (SLEs) in mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) with m.3243A > G mutation usually develop in the cerebral cortex. Few reports have docum...

    Authors: Munenori Oyama, Takahiro Iizuka, Jin Nakahara and Yoshikane Izawa

    Citation: BMC Neurology 2020 20:167

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

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